Hydrogen atom collisions with a semiconductor efficiently promote electrons to the conduction band.

Hydrogen atom collisions with a semiconductor efficiently promote electrons to the conduction band.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41557-022-01085-x
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发表时间:
2023-03
期刊:
影响因子:
21.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
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玻恩-奥本海默近似是现代计算化学的基石,人们对理解它在什么条件下仍然有效有着广泛的兴趣。氢原子在绝缘体、半金属和金属表面的散射有助于提供这些信息。这种近似对于绝缘体是足够的,而对于金属,它会失效,但不严重。本文研究了氢原子在半导体Ge(111)c(2 × 8)表面上的散射。实验表明,双峰能量损失分布揭示了两个渠道。玻恩-奥本海默近似下的分子动力学轨迹定量地再现了一个通道。第二个通道传输更多的能量,并且在模拟中不存在。它的生长与氢原子入射能量,并表现出能量损失开始等于Ge表面带隙。这使我们得出结论,在半导体表面的氢原子碰撞能够以高效率将电子从价带促进到导带。我们目前的理解无法解释这些观察结果。氢原子在表面的非弹性散射为Born-Oppenheimer近似在表面化学中的有效性提供了一个很好的基准。现在已经表明,氢原子与半导体表面碰撞可以有效地激发表面带隙以上的电子,这是近似失败的一个明显例子。
The Born–Oppenheimer approximation is the keystone of modern computational chemistry and there is wide interest in understanding under what conditions it remains valid. Hydrogen atom scattering from insulator, semi-metal and metal surfaces has helped provide such information. The approximation is adequate for insulators and for metals it fails, but not severely. Here we present hydrogen atom scattering from a semiconductor surface: Ge(111)c(2 × 8). Experiments show bimodal energy-loss distributions revealing two channels. Molecular dynamics trajectories within the Born–Oppenheimer approximation reproduce one channel quantitatively. The second channel transfers much more energy and is absent in simulations. It grows with hydrogen atom incidence energy and exhibits an energy-loss onset equal to the Ge surface bandgap. This leads us to conclude that hydrogen atom collisions at the surface of a semiconductor are capable of promoting electrons from the valence to the conduction band with high efficiency. Our current understanding fails to explain these observations. Inelastic hydrogen atom scattering from surfaces provides a good benchmark for the validity of the Born–Oppenheimer approximation in surface chemistry. Now it has been shown that hydrogen atoms colliding with a semiconductor surface can efficiently excite electrons above the surface bandgap, representing a clear example of the failure of the approximation.
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c00361
发表时间: 2021-04-22
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