Back and forth: History of and new insights on the vertebrate lymphatic valve.
Back and forth: History of and new insights on the vertebrate lymphatic valve.
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DOI：
10.1111/dgd.12757
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发表时间：
2021-12
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影响因子：
--
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淋巴瓣从预先存在的内皮细胞通过涉及细胞形状和方向复杂变化的逐步过程发育而来，沿着细胞外基质相互作用，形成两个管腔内小叶。一旦形成，瓣膜可防止淋巴系统内的回流，以确保间质液回流到循环系统中，从而在维持体液稳态方面发挥关键作用。尽管淋巴系统的广泛解剖学特征可以追溯到几百年前的许多属和种，但瓣膜在很大程度上被认为是哺乳动物的生殖遗传学限制。因此，大多数对淋巴管瓣膜发育所涉及的分子和遗传机制的见解都来自小鼠基因敲除以及人类罕见疾病。然而，我们最近在斑马鱼中使用了成像和遗传分析的组合来证明瓣膜是硬骨鱼淋巴系统的保守特征。在这里，我们提供了一个比较淋巴瓣解剖学的历史概述，以及最近的努力，以确定有助于淋巴瓣形态发生的分子途径。最后，我们将我们在斑马鱼中的研究结果与以前的工作相结合，并强调了这种模型为研究淋巴瓣发育提供的好处。斑马鱼淋巴管瓣的发现。瓣膜在结构和遗传上是保守的。
Lymphatic valves develop from pre‐existing endothelial cells through a step‐wise process involving complex changes in cell shape and orientation, along with extracellular matrix interactions, to form two intraluminal leaflets. Once formed, valves prevent back‐flow within the lymphatic system to ensure drainage of interstitial fluid back into the circulatory system, thereby serving a critical role in maintaining fluid homeostasis. Despite the extensive anatomical characterization of lymphatic systems across numerous genus and species dating back several hundred years, valves were largely thought to be phylogenetically restricted to mammals. Accordingly, most insights into molecular and genetic mechanisms involved in lymphatic valve development have derived from mouse knockouts, as well as rare diseases in humans. However, we have recently used a combination of imaging and genetic analysis in the zebrafish to demonstrate that valves are a conserved feature of the teleost lymphatic system. Here, we provide a historical overview of comparative lymphatic valve anatomy together with recent efforts to define molecular pathways that contribute to lymphatic valve morphogenesis. Finally, we integrate our findings in zebrafish with previous work and highlight the benefits that this model provides for investigating lymphatic valve development. Discovery of lymphatic valve in zebrafish. The valve is structurally and genetically conserved.
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Makinen, Taija
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Srinivasan RS
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Astin, Jonathan W.
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Spessotto, Paola