Phenotypic Screening for Small Molecules that Protect β-Cells from Glucolipotoxicity.

Phenotypic Screening for Small Molecules that Protect β-Cells from Glucolipotoxicity.
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DOI:
10.1021/acschembio.2c00052
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发表时间:
2022-05-20
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Wagner, Bridget K.
Wagner, Bridget K.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Small, Jonnell C.;Joblin-Mills, Aidan;Carbone, Kaycee;Kost-Alimova, Maria;Ayukawa, Kumiko;Khodier, Carol;Dancik, Vlado;Clemons, Paul A.;Munkacsi, Andrew B.;Wagner, Bridget K.

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2 型糖尿病的特点是进行性 β 细胞衰竭,导致 β 细胞质量损失。与肥胖相关的循环葡萄糖和游离脂肪酸水平升高会导致 β 细胞糖脂毒性。目前还没有治疗方案可以解决肥胖 2 型糖尿病患者 β 细胞丢失的问题。为了鉴定能够保护 β 细胞的小分子,我们在存在升高的葡萄糖和棕榈酸酯的情况下,在大鼠胰岛素瘤细胞系 INS-1E 中对 20,876 种化合物进行了高通量筛选。我们发现了 312 种能够恢复 INS-1E 活力的糖脂毒性保护小分子(1.49% 命中率),我们重点关注了 17 种具有已知生物靶点的小分子。 17 种化合物中的 16 种是对特定家族具有活性的激酶抑制剂,包括但不限于细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶 (CDK)、PI-3 激酶 (PI3K)、Janus 激酶 (JAK) 和 Rho 相关激酶 2 (ROCK2)。 16 种激酶抑制剂中有 7 种是 PI3K 抑制剂。在分离的人胰岛中进行的验证研究鉴定出 17 种化合物中的 10 种,即 KD025、ETP-45658、BMS-536924、AT-9283、PF-03814735、torin-2、AZD5438、CP-640186、ETP-46464 和 GSK2126458,这些化合物减少了糖脂毒性诱导的β细胞死亡。这 10 种化合物降低了糖脂毒性标志物,包括半胱天冬酶激活、线粒体去极化和钙通量增加。总之,这些结果为寻找新的治疗方法提供了一条道路,以在面对糖脂毒性时保持 β 细胞的活力。
Type 2 diabetes is marked by progressive β-cell failure, leading to loss of β-cell mass. Increased levels of circulating glucose and free fatty acids associated with obesity lead to β-cell glucolipotoxicity. There are currently no therapeutic options to address this facet of β-cell loss in obese type 2 diabetes patients. To identify small molecules capable of protecting β-cells, we performed a high-throughput screen of 20,876 compounds in the rat insulinoma cell line INS-1E in the presence of elevated glucose and palmitate. We found 312 glucolipotoxicity-protective small molecules (1.49% hit rate) capable of restoring INS-1E viability, and we focused on 17 with known biological targets. 16 of the 17 compounds were kinase inhibitors with activity against specific families including but not limited to cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK), PI-3 kinase (PI3K), Janus kinase (JAK), and Rho-associated kinase 2 (ROCK2). 7 of the 16 kinase inhibitors were PI3K inhibitors. Validation studies in dissociated human islets identified 10 of the 17 compounds, namely, KD025, ETP-45658, BMS-536924, AT-9283, PF-03814735, torin-2, AZD5438, CP-640186, ETP-46464, and GSK2126458 that reduced glucolipotoxicity-induced β-cell death. These 10 compounds decreased markers of glucolipotoxicity including caspase activation, mitochondrial depolarization, and increased calcium flux. Together, these results provide a path forward toward identifying novel treatments to preserve β-cell viability in the face of glucolipotoxicity.
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