Small snails, high productivity? Larval output of parasites from an abundant host
Small snails, high productivity? Larval output of parasites from an abundant host
复制标题
蜗牛小，生产力高？
DOI：
10.1111/fwb.13189
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Selbach
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rosenkranz;Lagrue;Poulin;Selbach
能量如何在生态系统内转化和分配是生态学的一个基本问题。寄生虫已被证明在这些过程中发挥着重要作用。特别是，吸虫的幼虫阶段，即尾蚴，似乎对水生系统的生物量和生产力有显着贡献。总体而言，关于寄生虫生产力的全生态系统研究仍然很少，并且通常研究具有大型宿主和高寄生虫感染率的系统。因此，这些研究可能代表了寄生虫对生态系统能量学贡献极高的孤立案例，可能高估了寄生虫生物量的重要性。在这里，我们量化了整个湖泊生态系统中吸虫流行率适中（即受感染个体的比例）的小型但数量过多的蜗牛中间宿主吸虫尾蚴的生产力。我们评估了蜗牛的个体幼虫产量，并计算了生态系统中的总体吸虫生产力。单个吸虫物种的平均产量为每只蜗牛每天 3 至 62 个尾蚴，并且与个体尾蚴大小呈负相关。尾蚴生产力在吸虫类群中分布并不均匀，而是以最常见的物种为主，占生产力的 80% 以上。总尾蚴生产力为 1.85 g m−2，属于之前淡水系统研究的范围。因此，数量虽小但数量丰富的蜗牛种群可能支持寄生虫的相当大的生产力。然而，研究系统中尾蚴的年总生产力为 5.9 公斤，仅占现有蜗牛生物量的 1.2%，这表明中间宿主种群可能未被其寄生虫充分利用。此外，与之前的研究比较揭示了不同栖息地的寄生虫生产力和生物量贡献的对比模式，表明寄生虫对生态系统能量的影响可能存在很大差异。总体而言，我们距离全面了解许多生态系统中寄生虫生产力和生物量的动态还很遥远。因此，量化寄生虫对栖息地内部和跨栖息地的能量和养分流动和分配的贡献仍然至关重要，以更好地了解它们对基本生态原理（例如食物网结构和生态系统能量学）的影响。
How energy is transformed and distributed within ecosystems is a fundamental question in ecology. Parasites have been shown to play an essential role in these processes. In particular, the larval stages of trematodes, that is, cercariae, appear to contribute significantly to biomass and productivity in aquatic systems.Overall, ecosystem‐wide studies on parasite productivity remain scarce and have typically investigated systems with large hosts and high parasite infection rates. These studies may thus represent isolated cases of exceptionally high parasite contribution to ecosystem energetics, potentially overestimating the importance of parasite biomass.Here, we quantified the productivity of trematode cercariae from a small but hyper‐abundant snail intermediate host with only moderate trematode prevalence (i.e., proportion of infected individuals) in an entire lake ecosystem. We assessed individual larval output from snails and calculated the overall trematode productivity in the ecosystem.Average output of individual trematode species ranged from 3 to 62 cercariae per snail per day and correlated negatively with individual cercarial size. Cercarial productivity was not uniformly distributed across trematode taxa, but dominated by the most common species that accounted for more than 80% of the productivity.Total cercarial productivity amounted to 1.85 g m−2, which falls within the ranges of previous studies from freshwater systems. Small but abundant snail populations may thus support a considerable productivity of parasites. However, total annual cercarial productivity in the study system amounted to 5.9 kg, which constituted just 1.2% of the standing stock snail biomass, suggesting that intermediate host populations are potentially underexploited by their parasites. Moreover, comparisons with previous studies revealed contrasting patterns of parasite productivity and biomass contribution across different habitats, showing that impacts of parasites on ecosystem energetics can vary widely.Overall, we are still far away from having a complete picture of the dynamics of parasite productivity and biomass in many ecosystems. It therefore remains critical to quantify the contribution of parasites to the flow and distribution of energy and nutrients within and across habitats, to better understand their impacts on fundamental ecological principles, such as food‐web structure and ecosystem energetics.
登录
查看更多内容
池塘生态系统中吸虫寄生虫的生物量和生产力。
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
D. Preston;Sarah A Orlofske;Jason P. Lambden;Pieter T. J. Johnson
通讯作者：
Pieter T. J. Johnson
吸虫尾蚴增强寄生虫传播的行为：模式和过程
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
C. Combes;A. Fournier;H. Moné;A. Théron
通讯作者：
A. Théron
寄生虫缠绕在食物网中。
影响因子：
9.6
作者：
M. Wood
通讯作者：
M. Wood
使用三种大型不同寄生虫物种作为模式生物对小型无脊椎动物生物量估计的三种方法进行评估
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Cristina Llopis;I. Blasco;J. Balbuena
通讯作者：
J. Balbuena
以吸虫（扁形动物：Digenea）为第一中间宿主感染腹足纲（Gastropoda：Hydrobiidae）的动物区系调查和鉴定要点
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Hechinger
通讯作者：
R. Hechinger