A call to leverage a health equity lens to accelerate human neuroscience research.
A call to leverage a health equity lens to accelerate human neuroscience research.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnint.2023.1035597
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Uban, Kristina A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rebello, Vida;Uban, Kristina A.
关键词：
在人类神经科学中，对卫生不公平现象的调查往往被视为个人层面的生物因素。实际上，卫生不平等的产生，在很大程度上是由于深层次的结构性因素。结构性不平等是指一个社会群体相对于与他们共存的其他群体的系统性劣势。这个词包括政策、法律、治理和文化，涉及种族、民族、性别或性别认同、阶级、性取向和其他领域。这些结构性不平等包括但不限于社会隔离、殖民主义的代际影响以及随之而来的权力和特权分配。在神经科学的一个分支领域，即文化神经科学中，解决受结构因素影响的不平等现象的原则越来越普遍。文化神经科学阐明了生物学与研究参与者周围环境因素之间的双向关系。然而，这些原则的操作化可能不会对大多数人类神经科学产生预期的溢出效应：这一限制是本文的首要焦点。在这里，我们提供了我们的观点，这些原则是缺失的，在所有人类神经科学分支学科中都非常需要，以加速我们对人类大脑的理解。此外，我们还概述了实现人类神经科学研究公平所必需的健康公平镜头的两个关键原则：健康的社会决定因素（SDoH）框架以及如何使用反事实思维处理混杂因素。我们认为，这些原则应该在未来的人类神经科学研究中得到更广泛的优先考虑，这样做是进一步了解与人类大脑交织在一起的背景，从而提高人类神经科学研究的严谨性和包容性的途径。
Investigation of health inequities tend to be examined, in human neurosciences, as biological factors at the level of the individual. In actuality, health inequities arise, due largely in part, to deep-seated structural factors. Structural inequality refers to the systemic disadvantage of one social group compared to others with whom they coexist. The term encompasses policy, law, governance, and culture and relates to race, ethnicity, gender or gender identity, class, sexual orientation, and other domains. These structural inequalities include but are not limited to social segregation, the intergenerational effects of colonialism and the consequent distribution of power and privilege. Principles to address inequities influenced by structural factors are increasingly prevalent in a subfield of the neurosciences, i.e., cultural neurosciences. Cultural neuroscience articulates the bidirectional relationship between biology and environmental contextual factors surrounding research participants. However, the operationalization of these principles may not have the intended spillover effect on the majority of human neurosciences: this limitation is the overarching focus of the present piece. Here, we provide our perspective that these principles are missing and very much needed in all human neuroscience subdisciplines to accelerate our understanding of the human brain. Furthermore, we provide an outline of two key tenets of a health equity lens necessary for achieving research equity in human neurosciences: the social determinants of health (SDoH) framework and how to deal with confounders using counterfactual thinking. We argue that these tenets should be prioritized across future human neuroscience research more generally, and doing so is a pathway to further gain an understanding of contextual background intertwined with the human brain, thus improving the rigor and inclusivity of human neuroscience research.
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