Potential Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Condomless-Sex-Concentrated PrEP in KwaZulu-Natal Accounting for Drug Resistance.

Potential Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Condomless-Sex-Concentrated PrEP in KwaZulu-Natal Accounting for Drug Resistance.
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DOI:
10.1093/infdis/jiz667
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发表时间:
2021-04-23
期刊:
The Journal of infectious diseases
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Revill P
Revill P
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Phillips AN;Cambiano V;Johnson L;Nakagawa F;Homan R;Meyer-Rath G;Rehle T;Tanser F;Moyo S;Shahmanesh M;Castor D;Russell E;Jamieson L;Bansi-Matharu L;Shroufi A;Barnabas RV;Parikh UM;Mellors JW;Revill P

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目前正在南非选定的研究中心实施替诺福韦-二异山梨醇-富马酸盐/恩曲他滨形式的口服暴露前预防(PrEP)。解决有关PrEP成本效益的未决问题可以为进一步实施提供信息。我们针对夸祖鲁-纳塔尔校准了一个基于个人的模型,以预测PrEP的影响和成本效益,其使用集中在无安全套性行为期间,并考虑了对耐药性的影响。我们考虑(1)15-24岁的少女和年轻女性以及女性性工作者的PrEP可用性,以及(2)15-64岁的每个人的可用性。我们的主要分析代表了假设未来PrEP计划可以达到的PrEP使用水平。在15-64岁成年人使用PrEP的情况下,预计发病率降低33%,15-24岁女性降低36%。PrEP具有成本效益,包括在一系列敏感性分析中,尽管在使用依法韦仑而不是基于度鲁特韦的方案启动ART的政策下,由于PrEP通过增加艾滋病毒耐药性破坏了ART的有效性,因此(成本)有效性大幅降低。在无安全套性行为期间集中使用PrEP有可能对艾滋病毒发病率产生实质性影响,并且具有成本效益。在南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔的例子中,集中在无安全套性行为期间使用PrEP有可能对艾滋病毒发病率产生实质性影响,并具有成本效益。
Oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the form of tenofovir-disoproxil-fumarate/emtricitabine is being implemented in selected sites in South Africa. Addressing outstanding questions on PrEP cost-effectiveness can inform further implementation. We calibrated an individual-based model to KwaZulu-Natal to predict the impact and cost-effectiveness of PrEP, with use concentrated in periods of condomless sex, accounting for effects on drug resistance. We consider (1) PrEP availability for adolescent girls and young women aged 15–24 years and female sex workers, and (2) availability for everyone aged 15–64 years. Our primary analysis represents a level of PrEP use hypothesized to be attainable by future PrEP programs. In the context of PrEP use in adults aged 15–64 years, there was a predicted 33% reduction in incidence and 36% reduction in women aged 15–24 years. PrEP was cost-effective, including in a range of sensitivity analyses, although with substantially reduced (cost) effectiveness under a policy of ART initiation with efavirenz- rather than dolutegravir-based regimens due to PrEP undermining ART effectiveness by increasing HIV drug resistance. PrEP use concentrated during time periods of condomless sex has the potential to substantively impact HIV incidence and be cost-effective. PrEP use concentrated during time periods of condomless sex has the potential to substantively impact HIV incidence and to be cost-effective in the example setting of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
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