Community Resilience: Models, Metaphors and Measures
Community Resilience: Models, Metaphors and Measures
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社区复原力：模型、隐喻和措施
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Laurence J. Kirmayer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Laurence J. Kirmayer
在本文中，我们讨论了社区弹性对原住民健康和福祉的重要性。复原力的概念在发展心理学和精神病学中被用来描述个人在重大逆境中实现福祉和茁壮成长的能力。复原力在生态学中也是一个有用的概念，它使人们注意到生态系统通过转变适应环境压力的能力。社区复原力的研究建立在这些概念的基础上，以了解家庭，社区和更大的社会系统对逆境的积极反应。尽管历史上和目前的条件逆境和困难，许多土著文化和社区幸存下来，并做得很好。在这篇综述中，我们批判性地评估了适用于个人的各种弹性定义。然后，我们研究了适用于家庭，社区和更大的社会系统的弹性。我们研究了弹性概念和社会资本之间的联系。然后，我们考虑可以促进原住民社区的复原力和福祉的干预措施。这些措施包括加强社会资本、网络和支助;振兴语言、增强文化特性和精神;支持家庭和父母确保儿童健康发展;加强地方控制和集体效能;建设基础设施（物质、人力和信息）;增加经济机会和多样化;尊重人类多样性。我们还讨论了测量社区弹性的方法，研究每种方法的优点和缺点。社区复原力是一个与土著观点相呼应的概念，因为它从生态或系统的角度关注集体力量。
In this paper, we discuss the importance of community resilience for Aboriginal health and well-being. The concept of resilience has been used in developmental psychology and psychiatry to describe individuals’ capacities to achieve well-being and thrive despite significant adversity. Resilience is also a useful concept in ecology where it draws attention to the ability of ecosystems to adapt to environmental stress through transformation. The study of community resilience builds on these concepts, to understand positive responses to adversity at the level of families, communities and larger social systems. Despite historical and ongoing conditions of adversity and hardship many Aboriginal cultures and communities have survived and done well. In this review, we critically assess the various definitions of resilience as applied to individuals. We then examine resilience as applied to families, communities and larger social systems. We examine links between the concept of resilience and social capital. We then consider interventions that can promote resilience and well-being in Aboriginal communities. These include strengthening social capital, networks and support; revitalization of language, enhancing cultural identity and spirituality; supporting families and parents to insure healthy child development; enhancing local control and collective efficacy; building infrastructure (material, human and informational); increasing economic opportunity and diversification; and respecting human diversity. We also discuss methods of measuring community resilience, examining advantages and disadvantages to each method. Community resilience is a concept that resonates with Aboriginal perspectives because it focuses on collective strengths from an ecological or systemic perspective.
与美洲印第安人青少年成功运作相关的因素。
DOI：
10.5820/aian.1303.2006.23
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
American Indian and Alaska native mental health research (Online)
影响因子：
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作者：
Silmere,Hiie;Stiffman,ArleneRubin
通讯作者：
Stiffman,ArleneRubin
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Bonanno, GA;Moskowitz, JT;Folkman, S
通讯作者：
Folkman, S
歧视、历史损失和文化适应：美国印第安人酗酒的文化特定风险和弹性因素。
DOI：
10.15288/jsa.2004.65.409
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
Journal of studies on alcohol
影响因子：
--
作者：
LesWhitbeck,B;Chen,Xiaojin;Hoyt,DanR;Adams,GaryW
通讯作者：
Adams,GaryW