Mild and convenient N-formylation protocol in water-containing solvents.

Mild and convenient N-formylation protocol in water-containing solvents.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.02.013
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发表时间:
2013-04-17
影响因子:
1.8
通讯作者:
Kurosu M
Kurosu M
中科院分区:
化学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Aleiwi BA;Mitachi K;Kurosu M

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我们已经认识到,一些药物先导化合物的游离胺的N-甲酰化可以改善母体分子的PK/PD性质,而不降低其生物活性。为了选择性地使多官能分子中的伯胺甲酰化,我们一直在寻找一种温和而方便的酯化反应。在我们的α-氨基酸L-苯丙氨酸的N-取代基的筛选中,迄今为止报道的任何取代基条件都不能以令人满意的产率产生所需的HCO-L-Phe-OH。氨基酸与HCO 2 H的N-甲酰化反应需要在含水介质中进行,并且由于羧酸之间的竞争反应而抑制聚合反应。我们发现,在水或水与DMF的混合体系中,用水溶性肽偶联添加剂、oxyma衍生物、(2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-4-基)甲基-2-氰基-2-(羟基亚氨基)乙酸酯(2)、EDCI和NaHCO 3可以实现α-氨基酸的N-甲酰化,得到高产率的N-甲酰化α-氨基酸。此外,这些条件可以在受控温度下选择性地使伯胺甲酰基化而不是仲胺甲酰基化。这些条件的有用性通过含有三个不同氨基的达托霉素抗生素的选择性洗脱来证明。
We have realized that N-formylations of free amines of some drug leads can improve PK/PD property of parent molecules without decreasing their biological activities. In order to selectively formylate primary amines of polyfunctional molecules, we have sought a mild and convenient formylation reaction. In our screening of N-formylation of an α-amino acid, L-phenylalanine, none of formylation conditions reported to date yielded the desired HCO-L-Phe-OH with satisfactory yield. N-Formylations of amino acids with HCO2H require the reactions in a water-containing media and suppress polymerization reactions due to the competitive reactions among carboxylic acids. We found that N-formylations of α-amino acids could be achieved with a water-soluble peptide coupling additive, an oxyma derivative, (2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl-2-cyano-2-(hydroxyimino)acetate (2), EDCI, and NaHCO3 in water or a mixture of water and DMF system, yielding N-formylated α-amino acids with excellent yields. Moreover, these conditions could selectively formylate primary amines over secondary amines at a controlled temperature. A usefulness of these conditions was demonstrated by selective formylation of daptomycin antibiotic which contains three different amino groups.
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