Coupled fibromodulin and SOX2 signaling as a critical regulator of metastatic outgrowth in melanoma.

Coupled fibromodulin and SOX2 signaling as a critical regulator of metastatic outgrowth in melanoma.
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纤维调节蛋白和SOX2信号耦合在黑色素瘤转移生长中的重要调控作用。

DOI:
10.1007/s00018-022-04364-5
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发表时间:
2022-06-23
期刊:
Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS
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其他
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我们的目标是研究控制黑色素瘤转移到临床相关皮损的机制,这是导致大多数黑色素瘤死亡的关键过程。为此,我们开发了新的体内模型,并确定了可归因于其不同表型的分子事件,这些表型包括惰性或高度转移。在远处部位诱导增殖状态与高水平的干样/祖细胞标志物SOX2有关,并且需要上调FMOD,这是一种调节肿瘤-间质相互作用的细胞外基质成分。功能研究揭示了FMOD和SOX2之间可能的联系;双重FMOD和SOX2沉默几乎消除了脑转移,并对远处转移到其他部位具有类似的效果。我们的体外数据表明,FMOD和SOX2的协同作用在肿瘤血管生成拟态中起着重要作用。此外,我们发现FMOD和SOX2的功能作用可能在转录辅助因子YAP和TAZ的激活上聚合,可能是通过与肿瘤抑制因子河马途径的串扰。最后,这两个基因在患者样本中的高表达预示着脑转移的早期发展。因此,我们的研究确定FMOD和SOX2的合作是一种新的调控机制,可能在功能上与黑色素瘤的转移能力有关。网上版载有补充材料,可在10.1007/s00018-022-022-5查阅。
We aimed to study mechanisms controlling metastatic outgrowth of melanoma into clinically relevant lesions, a critical process responsible for the majority of melanoma deaths. To this end, we developed novel in vivo models and identified molecular events that can be ascribed to their distinct phenotypes, indolent or highly metastatic. Induction of a proliferative state at distant sites was associated with high levels of the stem-like/progenitor marker, SOX2, and required the upregulation of FMOD, an extracellular matrix component, which modulates tumor–stroma interactions. Functional studies revealed a possible link between FMOD and SOX2; dual FMOD and SOX2 silencing nearly abolished brain metastasis and had a similar effect on distant metastasis to other sites. Our in vitro data suggests that FMOD and SOX2 cooperation plays an important role in tumor vasculogenic mimicry. Furthermore, we found that FMOD and SOX2 functional roles might converge at the activation of transcriptional co-factors YAP and TAZ, possibly via crosstalk with the tumor suppressor Hippo pathway. Finally, high expression of both genes in patient specimens predicted early development of brain metastasis. Thus, our study identifies FMOD and SOX2 cooperation as a novel regulatory mechanism that might be linked functionally to melanoma metastatic competence. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00018-022-04364-5.
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