A Mixed-Methods and Prospective Approach to Understanding Coping Behaviors, Depression, Hopelessness, and Acute Stress in a U.S. Convenience Sample During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
A Mixed-Methods and Prospective Approach to Understanding Coping Behaviors, Depression, Hopelessness, and Acute Stress in a U.S. Convenience Sample During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/10901981221084272
复制
发表时间：
2022-04
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Veldhuis, Cindy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wootton, Angie R.;Rice, Dylan R.;McKowen, Anna Laura W.;Veldhuis, Cindy
新冠肺炎疫情导致美国居民的压力源增加，同时限制了以前用于应对压力的许多资源。应对行为可能有助于在大流行期间和之后防止或扩散心理困扰。了解这些应对行为和相关的心理结果可以帮助健康教育工作者制定鼓励有效应对和促进心理健康的计划。这项研究使用了顺序混合方法，借鉴了罗斯和科恩的应对概念化方法，以了解方法应对行为和回避应对行为的使用情况，方法应对行为是积极的，针对感知到的威胁，回避应对行为包括在新冠肺炎大流行期间偏离感知威胁的活动。美国居民(N=2987)分别于2020年4月和2021年9月在网上接受了调查。对基线的开放式反应进行主题分析，用参与者自己的话来说明应对行为。在基线时，超过一半(56%)的样本符合可能的抑郁标准，51%的样本符合急性应激症状，42%的样本符合中度到重度绝望的标准。在随访中，45%的人符合可能的抑郁症标准，23%的人符合急性应激标准。然而，报告中度到重度绝望的样本比例增加到48%。我们使用混合效应一般线性模型来检验随时间的变化，发现接近应对行为的增加与抑郁症状和绝望的减少相关；回避应对的增加与更高水平的抑郁症状和更高水平的绝望相关。这两种类型的应对方式的增加都与新冠肺炎相关的急性压力症状的增加有关。尽管在2020年4月至2021年9月期间，我们的样本中的痛苦有所减轻，但我们的发现表明，需要采取干预措施，鼓励使用方法应对行为，并增加获得心理健康支持的机会并减少对心理健康支持的污名。
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increases in U.S. residents’ stressors while limiting many of the resources previously available to cope with stress. Coping behaviors may contribute to the prevention or proliferation of psychological distress during and after the pandemic. Understanding these coping behaviors and associated psychological outcomes can help health educators develop programs that encourage effective coping and promote mental health. This study used a sequential mixed-methods approach informed by Roth and Cohen’s conceptualization of coping to understand the use of approach coping behaviors— which are active and directed toward the perceived threat—and avoidance coping behaviors—which include activity directed away from perceived threat during the COVID-19 pandemic. U.S. residents (N = 2,987) were surveyed online in April 2020 and again in September 2021. Open-ended responses at baseline were thematically analyzed to illustrate coping behaviors in participants’ own words. At baseline, more than half (56%) of the sample met criteria for probable depression, 51% for acute stress symptoms, and 42% for moderate to severe hopelessness. At follow-up, 45% meet criteria for probable depression and 23% for acute stress. However, the proportion of the sample who reported moderate to severe hopelessness increased to 48%. We used mixed-effects general linear models to examine changes over time and found that increases in approach coping behaviors were associated with decreases in depressive symptoms and hopelessness; increases in avoidance coping were associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms and higher levels of hopelessness. Increases in both types of coping were associated with increases in acute stress symptoms related to COVID-19. Although there was some attenuation in distress in our sample between April 2020 and September 2021, our findings suggest a need for interventions that encourage the use of approach coping behaviors and that both increase access to and decrease stigma for mental health support.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1016/j.jemep.2020.100605
发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
Ethics, medicine, and public health
影响因子：
--
作者：
Agha S
通讯作者：
Agha S
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Holingue C;Badillo-Goicoechea E;Riehm KE;Veldhuis CB;Thrul J;Johnson RM;Fallin MD;Kreuter F;Stuart EA;Kalb LG
通讯作者：
Kalb LG
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Coppock, Alexander
通讯作者：
Coppock, Alexander
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Chen, Yaru;Li, Xiaohui;Zhao, Yuqing
通讯作者：
Zhao, Yuqing
影响因子：
13.6
作者：
Holman EA;Thompson RR;Garfin DR;Silver RC
通讯作者：
Silver RC