Homogeneous crystal nucleation in liquid copper under quasi-isentropic compression

Homogeneous crystal nucleation in liquid copper under quasi-isentropic compression
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准等熵压缩下液态铜中的均质晶体成核

DOI:
10.1103/physrevb.92.014108
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发表时间:
2015-07
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Luo, S. N.
Luo, S. N.
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wu, H. A.;Zhu, M. H.;Liu, C. L.;Luo, S. N.

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冲击引起的液体冻结长期以来一直是人们感兴趣的话题,同时也是一个谜。通过大规模分子动力学模拟,我们证明了液态铜中的均匀晶体成核可以在有效过冷$(\ensuremath{\theta})$下实现,通过准等熵压缩或斜坡波加载,在斜坡时间$\ensuremath{\tau}$内实现粒子速度${u}_{\mathrm{p}}$。模拟产生了分子动力学空间和时间尺度上均匀结晶的 $\ensuremath{\tau}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{u}_{\mathrm{p}}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\theta}$ 关系; $\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\sim}100$ ps 的斜波载荷对于液态铜来说本质上是等熵的。基于经典成核理论,我们预测 $\ensuremath{\theta}$,从而预测 ${u}_{\mathrm{p}}$,以满足较大长度和时间尺度实验中均匀成核的要求。均匀成核也可以通过初始过冷液体中的冲击载荷来实现。
Shock-induced freezing in liquids has long been a subject of interest as well as mystery. With large-scale molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that homogeneous crystal nucleation in liquid Cu can be realized under effective supercooling $(\ensuremath{\theta})$, via quasi-isentropic compression or ramp wave loading with a particle velocity ${u}_{\mathrm{p}}$ achieved within a ramp time $\ensuremath{\tau}$. The simulations yield the $\ensuremath{\tau}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{u}_{\mathrm{p}}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\theta}$ relations for homogeneous crystallization at the spatial and temporal scales of molecular dynamics; a ramp wave loading with $\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\sim}100$ ps is essentially isentropic for liquid Cu. Based on classical nucleation theory, we predict $\ensuremath{\theta}$, and thus ${u}_{\mathrm{p}}$, as required for homogenous nucleation in experiments with larger length and time scales. Homogeneous nucleation can also be achieved with shock loading in initially supercooled liquids.
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