Acute exposure to sublethal doses of neonicotinoid insecticides increases heat tolerance in honey bees.
Acute exposure to sublethal doses of neonicotinoid insecticides increases heat tolerance in honey bees.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0240950
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Barthell JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gonzalez VH;Hranitz JM;McGonigle MB;Manweiler RE;Smith DR;Barthell JF
欧洲蜜蜂，意大利蜜蜂，是世界上最有价值的人工授粉者管理蜜蜂的蜂群健康状况不佳或蜂群损失异常高是由无数压力源造成的，这些压力源组合起来危害更大。气候变化预计会加剧这些压力源的影响，但蜜蜂对高温的生理和行为反应，同时受到一种或多种压力源的影响，在很大程度上仍然是未知的。在这里，我们测试的假设，暴露于急性，亚致死剂量的烟碱类杀虫剂降低蜜蜂的耐热性。我们管理的蜜蜂口服剂量的吡虫啉和啶虫脒在1/5，1/20，和1/100的LD 50，并测量其耐热性4小时后喂养，使用动态和静态协议。与我们的预期相反，急性暴露于亚致死剂量的两种杀虫剂导致蜜蜂更高的耐热性和更高的存活率。摄入较高剂量杀虫剂的蜜蜂显示出比对照组高2 ℃至5 ℃的临界最高温度，死亡率降低67%-87%。我们的研究表明，当其他压力源存在时，蜜蜂对高温具有弹性，这与其他昆虫的研究一致。我们讨论了这些结果的影响，并假设这种补偿效应可能是由于诱导的热休克蛋白的杀虫剂，它提供了暂时的保护，从升高的温度。
The European honey bee, Apis mellifera L., is the single most valuable managed pollinator in the world. Poor colony health or unusually high colony losses of managed honey bees result from a myriad of stressors, which are more harmful in combination. Climate change is expected to accentuate the effects of these stressors, but the physiological and behavioral responses of honey bees to elevated temperatures while under simultaneous influence of one or more stressors remain largely unknown. Here we test the hypothesis that exposure to acute, sublethal doses of neonicotinoid insecticides reduce thermal tolerance in honey bees. We administered to bees oral doses of imidacloprid and acetamiprid at 1/5, 1/20, and 1/100 of LD50 and measured their heat tolerance 4 h post-feeding, using both dynamic and static protocols. Contrary to our expectations, acute exposure to sublethal doses of both insecticides resulted in higher thermal tolerance and greater survival rates of bees. Bees that ingested the higher doses of insecticides displayed a critical thermal maximum from 2 ˚C to 5 ˚C greater than that of the control group, and 67%–87% reduction in mortality. Our study suggests a resilience of honey bees to high temperatures when other stressors are present, which is consistent with studies in other insects. We discuss the implications of these results and hypothesize that this compensatory effect is likely due to induction of heat shock proteins by the insecticides, which provides temporary protection from elevated temperatures.
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