Learning to detect but not to grasp suppressed visual stimuli

Learning to detect but not to grasp suppressed visual stimuli
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学习检测但不掌握被抑制的视觉刺激

DOI:
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.09.035
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Hesselmann
Hesselmann
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ludwig;Kathmann;Sterzer;Hesselmann

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双视觉系统假说(TVSH)的一个核心含义是,背侧视觉系统(行动视觉)可以利用不可见的信息,而腹侧系统(感知视觉)不能(米尔纳和古德尔,1995)。因此,诸如抓握运动之类的动作应该受到不可见信息的影响,而有意识的报告则不受影响。为了验证这一假设,我们使用了一种双视刺激技术-连续闪光抑制(CFS)-它具有使刺激不可见长达数秒的效力(Tsuchiya & Koch,2005)。在使用CFS的两个实验中,参与者被要求抓住不同大小(实验1)或方向(实验2)的无形酒吧,或口头报告这两种措施。目标的可见性进行了测量试验的试验,使用知觉意识量表(PAS)。我们发现,尽管有大量的训练(600次试验)和触觉反馈,但没有证据表明视觉系统使用了不可见的信息。参与者既没有学会根据看不见的刺激物的大小来调整他们的最大抓握孔径,也没有学会将他们的手对准它的方向。然而,在训练过程中仔细控制刺激的可见性,揭示了CFS下感知阈值降低的强烈趋势。我们讨论了我们的结果的TVSH的框架内,并与替代模型,强调背侧和腹侧视觉系统之间的密切功能相互作用。
A central implication of the two-visual-systems hypothesis (TVSH) is that the dorsal visuomotor system (vision-for-action) can make use of invisible information, whereas the ventral system (vision-for-perception) cannot (Milner & Goodale, 1995). Therefore, actions such as grasping movements should be influenced by invisible information while conscious reports remain unaffected. To test this assumption, we used a dichoptic stimulation technique – continuous flash suppression (CFS) – which has the potency to render stimuli invisible for up to seconds (Tsuchiya & Koch, 2005). In two experiments using CFS, participants were asked to grasp for invisible bars of different sizes (Experiment 1) or orientations (Experiment 2), or to report both measures verbally. Target visibility was measured trial-by-trial using the perceptual awareness scale (PAS). We found no evidence for the use of invisible information by the visuomotor system despite extensive training (600 trials) and the availability of haptic feedback. Participants neither learned to scale their maximum grip aperture to the size of the invisible stimulus, nor to align their hand to its orientation. Careful control of stimulus visibility across training sessions, however, revealed a robust tendency towards decreasing perceptual thresholds under CFS. We discuss our results within the framework of the TVSH and with respect to alternative models which emphasize the close functional interaction between the dorsal and ventral visual systems.
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