Dexmedetomidine: A Novel Sedative-Analgesic Agent
Dexmedetomidine: A Novel Sedative-Analgesic Agent
复制标题
右美托咪定：一种新型镇静镇痛剂
作者：
R. Gertler;H. C. Brown;D. H. Mitchell;Erin N. Silvius
自从α2-肾上腺素受体激动剂可乐定首次报道以来，该类药物的适应症不断扩大。1999年12月，右美托咪定被批准为该组中的最新药物，并作为短期镇静剂（<24小时）引入临床实践。α2-肾上腺素受体激动剂在围手术期有几个有益的作用。它们降低交感神经张力，减弱对麻醉和手术的神经内分泌和血液动力学反应;减少麻醉剂和阿片类药物的需求;并引起镇静和镇痛。它们允许保留心理运动功能，同时让患者舒适地休息。由于这种联合作用，α2-肾上腺素受体激动剂可能在围手术期心肌缺血的预防和辅助治疗中获益。此外，它们在疼痛管理和区域麻醉中的作用正在扩大。副作用包括轻度至中度心血管抑郁，血压和心率轻微下降。新型、选择性更强、副作用更少的α2-肾上腺素受体激动剂的开发可能为围手术期麻醉和镇痛提供一个新的概念。本文就新型α2-肾上腺素受体激动剂右美托咪定的研究进展作一综述。
Since the first report of clonidine, an α2-adrenoceptor agonist, the indications for this class of drugs have continued to expand. In December 1999, dexmedetomidine was approved as the most recent agent in this group and was introduced into clinical practice as a short-term sedative (<24 hours). α2-Adrenoceptor agonists have several beneficial actions during the perioperative period. They decrease sympathetic tone, with attenuation of the neuroendocrine and hemodynamic responses to anesthesia and surgery; reduce anesthetic and opioid requirements; and cause sedation and analgesia. They allow psychomotoric function to be preserved while letting the patient rest comfortably. With this combination of effects, α2-adrenoceptor agonists may offer benefits in the prophylaxis and adjuvant treatment of perioperative myocardial ischemia. Furthermore, their role in pain management and regional anesthesia is expanding. Side effects consist of mild to moderate cardiovascular depression, with slight decreases in blood pressure and heart rate. The development of new, more selective α2-adrenoceptor agonists with improved side effect profiles may provide a new concept for the administration of perioperative anesthesia and analgesia. This review aims to give background information to improve understanding of the properties and applications of the novel α2-adrenoceptor agonist, dexmedetomidine.
右美托咪定对离体心室心肌的收缩性、舒张性和细胞内钙瞬变的影响。
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Housmans,PR
通讯作者：
Housmans,PR
对右美托咪定的直接冠状动脉和脑血管反应。
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Coughlan,MG;Lee,JG;Bosnjak,ZJ;Schmeling,WT;Kampine,JP;Warltier,DC
通讯作者：
Warltier,DC
肾α2-肾上腺素受体和腺苷酸环化酶-cAMP 系统：生化和生理相互作用。
DOI：
10.1152/ajprenal.1987.252.2.f199
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
The American journal of physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Pettinger,WA;Umemura,S;Smyth,DD;Jeffries,WB
通讯作者：
Jeffries,WB