Apolipoprotein A-II, a Player in Multiple Processes and Diseases.

Apolipoprotein A-II, a Player in Multiple Processes and Diseases.
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DOI:
10.3390/biomedicines10071578
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发表时间:
2022-07-02
期刊:
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Violeta Gafencu, Anca
Violeta Gafencu, Anca
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Florea, Gabriela;Florina Tudorache, Irina;Valeria Fuior, Elena;Ionita, Radu;Dumitrescu, Madalina;Madalina Fenyo, Ioana;Georgeta Bivol, Violeta;Violeta Gafencu, Anca

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载脂蛋白A-II (apoA-II)是高密度脂蛋白(HDL)颗粒中第二丰富的载脂蛋白,在脂质代谢中发挥重要作用。人类和小鼠 apoA-II 蛋白具有不同的特性,部分原因是人类 apoA-II 是二聚体,而小鼠同源物是单体,这表明 apoA-II 在人类和小鼠中的作用可能有很大不同。 apoA-II作为HDL的组成部分,影响脂质代谢,直接或间接参与血管疾病。临床和流行病学研究得出了关于 apoA-II 的促动脉粥样硬化或动脉粥样硬化作用的相互矛盾的结果。人类apoA-II缺乏症对脂蛋白水平影响不大,没有明显的临床后果,而鼠apoA-II缺乏症会导致小鼠HDL缺乏。在人类中,血浆 apoA-II 浓度升高会导致高甘油三酯血症并降低 HDL 水平。这种血脂异常会导致葡萄糖不耐受,随之而来的高血糖会增强apoA-II转录,形成恶性循环,可能导致2型糖尿病(T2D)。 ApoA-II 还被用作多种疾病的生物标志物,例如胰腺癌。在此,我们综述了有关 apoA-II 的作用及其在各种生理过程和疾病状态(如心血管疾病、癌症、淀粉样变性、肝炎、胰岛素抵抗、肥胖和 T2D)中的功能的最新发现。
Apolipoprotein A-II (apoA-II) is the second most abundant apolipoprotein in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, playing an important role in lipid metabolism. Human and murine apoA-II proteins have dissimilar properties, partially because human apoA-II is dimeric whereas the murine homolog is a monomer, suggesting that the role of apoA-II may be quite different in humans and mice. As a component of HDL, apoA-II influences lipid metabolism, being directly or indirectly involved in vascular diseases. Clinical and epidemiological studies resulted in conflicting findings regarding the proatherogenic or atheroprotective role of apoA-II. Human apoA-II deficiency has little influence on lipoprotein levels with no obvious clinical consequences, while murine apoA-II deficiency causes HDL deficit in mice. In humans, an increased plasma apoA-II concentration causes hypertriglyceridemia and lowers HDL levels. This dyslipidemia leads to glucose intolerance, and the ensuing high blood glucose enhances apoA-II transcription, generating a vicious circle that may cause type 2 diabetes (T2D). ApoA-II is also used as a biomarker in various diseases, such as pancreatic cancer. Herein, we provide a review of the most recent findings regarding the roles of apoA-II and its functions in various physiological processes and disease states, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, amyloidosis, hepatitis, insulin resistance, obesity, and T2D.
DOI: 10.1001/archinternmed.2009.343
发表时间: 2009-11-09
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