Archaeogenomic evidence of punctuated genome evolution in Gossypium.

Archaeogenomic evidence of punctuated genome evolution in Gossypium.
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棉花间断基因组进化的考古基因组证据。

DOI:
10.1093/molbev/mss070
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
10.7
通讯作者:
Palmer SA
Palmer SA
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Palmer SA

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转座元件(TES)是进化的驱动力,导致基因创新和基因组重组的间歇性激增(Oliver KR,Greene WK。2009年。TES:进化的强大促进者。生物散文31:703-714。),但几乎没有证据表明这一过程发生的时间尺度(Gingerich PD。2009年。进化的速度.安·雷夫·埃科尔·埃沃系统。40:657-675。)。古生物和考古记录为过去的进化是如何进行的提供了直接证据,可以通过古代DNA访问这些记录,以使用高通量测序技术(Palmer SA,Smith O,Allaby RG)检查基因组。2011年。植物考古遗传学的蓬勃发展。194:146-156。)。在这项研究中,我们使用GS 454FLX平台对四个棉花考古样本进行了鸟枪式测序,这使得重建这些过去基因组的TE组成和物种鉴定成为可能。由此,出现了一幅谱系特定进化模式的图景,即使是在相对较短的几千年时间尺度上也是如此。在相隔2000多英里和3000年的南美海岛棉样本之间观察到了基因组的稳定性。相比之下,古代努比亚棉花的TE成分,鉴定为ASG。Herbaceum,与现代G.草本植物,与新大陆四倍体的基因组十分相似。我们的分析直接表明,在驯化的植物物种的历史中发生了相当大的基因组重组,而在密切相关的物种中发生了基因组的稳定性。预计会出现一种时断时续的快速变化和稳定时期的模式。这一观察结果对于理解驯化下的进化过程很重要。
Transposable elements (TEs) are drivers of evolution resulting in episodic surges of genetic innovation and genomic reorganization (Oliver KR, Greene WK. 2009. TEs: powerful facilitators of evolution.Bioessays31:703–714.), but there is little evidence of the timescale in which this process has occurred (Gingerich PD. 2009. Rates of evolution.Ann Rev Ecol Evol Syst. 40:657–675.). The paleontological and archaeological records provide direct evidence for how evolution has proceeded in the past, which can be accessed through ancient DNA to examine genomes using high-throughput sequencing technologies (Palmer SA, Smith O, Allaby RG. 2011. The blossoming of plant archaeogenetics.Ann Anat. 194:146–156.). In this study, we report shotgun sequencing of four archaeological samples of cotton using the GS 454 FLX platform, which enabled reconstruction of the TE composition of these past genomes and species identification. From this, a picture of lineage specific evolutionary patterns emerged, even over the relatively short timescale of a few thousand years. Genomic stability was observed between South AmericanGossypium barbadensesamples separated by over 2,000 miles and 3,000 years. In contrast, the TE composition of ancient Nubian cotton, identified asG. herbaceum, differed dramatically from that of modernG. herbaceumand resembled closely theAgenome of the New World tetraploids. Our analysis has directly shown that considerable genomic reorganization has occurred within the history of a domesticated plant species while genomic stability has occurred in closely related species. A pattern of episodes of rapid change and periods of stability is expected of punctuated evolution. This observation is important to understanding the process of evolution under domestication.
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