Within arms reach: Physical proximity shapes mother-infant language exchanges in real-time.
Within arms reach: Physical proximity shapes mother-infant language exchanges in real-time.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101298
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发表时间：
2023-12
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Tamis-LeMonda, Catherine S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Suarez-Rivera, Catalina;Pinheiro-Mehta, Nicole;Tamis-LeMonda, Catherine S.
关键词：
在日常互动中，母亲和婴儿在多个层面上实现行为同步。母亲和婴儿身体上的亲密关系的起伏可能是一种中心类型的同步性，它为婴儿和母亲的互动建立了共同的基础。然而，语言交流中的接近性的作用相对来说还没有被研究，这可能是因为结构化的任务观察婴儿与看护者互动的常见设置通过设计建立了接近性。我们对100名母亲（美国西班牙裔N = 50，美国非西班牙裔N = 50）及其13至23个月大的婴儿在家中的自然活动进行了视频记录（每对1至2小时），转录了母亲和婴儿的语音，并连续编码了接近度（即，婴儿和母亲伸手可及）。在这两个样本中，二分体以突发性的时间模式进入接近状态，接近的时间间隔与物理距离的时间间隔间隔交织在一起。据推测，非西班牙裔和西班牙裔母亲产生更多的话和更大的各种各样的话时，在武器达到比武器达到。同样，婴儿在靠近母亲时比不靠近母亲时产生更多的包含单词的话语。然而，婴儿牙牙学语的频率是一样的，不管距离远近，这就产生了大量的机会来玩声音。身体上的接近扩大了语言交流和婴儿交流用词的机会，尽管婴儿积累了大量的实践牙牙学语，即使照顾者不近。
During everyday interactions, mothers and infants achieve behavioral synchrony at multiple levels. The ebb-and-flow of mother-infant physical proximity may be a central type of synchrony that establishes a common ground for infant-mother interaction. However, the role of proximity in language exchanges is relatively unstudied, perhaps because structured tasks—the common setup for observing infant-caregiver interactions—establish proximity by design. We videorecorded 100 mothers (U.S. Hispanic N = 50, U.S. Non-Hispanic N = 50) and their 13- to 23-month-old infants during natural activity at home (1-to-2 h per dyad), transcribed mother and infant speech, and coded proximity continuously (i.e., infants and mother within arms reach). In both samples, dyads entered proximity in a bursty temporal pattern, with bouts of proximity interspersed with bouts of physical distance. As hypothesized, Non-Hispanic and Hispanic mothers produced more words and a greater variety of words when within arms reach than out of arms reach. Similarly, infants produced more utterances that contained words when close to mother than when not. However, infants babbled equally often regardless of proximity, generating abundant opportunities to play with sounds. Physical proximity expands opportunities for language exchanges and infants’ communicative word use, although babies accumulate massive practice babbling even when caregivers are not proximal.
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