Adolescent development of the reward system.

Adolescent development of the reward system.
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DOI:
10.3389/neuro.09.006.2010
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Galvan A
Galvan A
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Galvan A

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青春期是一个以奖励寻求行为增加为特征的发展时期。研究人员使用功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)结合奖励范式来测试两个相反的假设,青少年发育变化的纹状体,一个区域涉及奖励处理。一种假设认为,纹状体在青春期对奖励的反应相对较低,因此,为了达到与成年人相同的激活,需要加强寻求奖励的行为。另一种观点认为,在青春期,纹状体的奖励系统反应过度,从而导致更大的奖励寻求。虽然这两种假设的证据都有报道,但基于令人信服的证据,该领域一般都集中在后一种假设上。在这篇综述中,我描述了支持这一观点的证据,推测了不同的功能磁共振成像结果,并对这个迷人的问题提出了未来的研究领域。
Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by increased reward-seeking behavior. Investigators have used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in conjunction with reward paradigms to test two opposing hypotheses about adolescent developmental changes in the striatum, a region implicated in reward processing. One hypothesis posits that the striatum is relatively hypo-responsive to rewards during adolescence, such that heightened reward-seeking behavior is necessary to achieve the same activation as adults. Another view suggests that during adolescence the striatal reward system is hyper-responsive, which subsequently results in greater reward-seeking. While evidence for both hypotheses has been reported, the field has generally converged on this latter hypothesis based on compelling evidence. In this review, I describe the evidence to support this notion, speculate on the disparate fMRI findings and conclude with future areas of inquiry to this fascinating question.
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