Association of fungal secondary metabolism and sclerotial biology.
Association of fungal secondary metabolism and sclerotial biology.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2015.00062
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Cary JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calvo AM;Cary JW
真菌的次生代谢和形态发育在基因层面已被证明密切相关。许多文献聚焦于次生代谢产物产生（例如，构巢曲霉和黄曲霉分别产生的柄曲霉素和黄曲霉毒素）与分生孢子形成或有性子实体形成的协同调控。然而，这些基因联系中的许多也控制菌核的产生。菌核是许多真菌属产生的抗性结构。它们也是一些植物病原真菌的主要初侵染源。在自然界中，高等植物常常将次生代谢产物集中在生殖结构中，作为抵御食草动物和昆虫的一种手段。以此类推，真菌也在菌核中隔离了许多次生代谢产物，这些产物作为一种化学防御系统来抵御食菌性捕食者。其中包括抗虫化合物，如四元酸、吲哚二萜类、吡啶酮和二酮哌嗪。本章将重点关注调控次生代谢产物产生的分子机制以及它们在菌核发育和真菌生态学中所起的作用，尤其强调曲霉属物种。全局性调控蛋白VeA和LaeA是绒毛核蛋白复合物的组成部分，作为毒力因子，在许多曲霉属物种中控制发育和次生代谢产物的产生。我们将讨论黄曲霉中一些受VeA和LaeA调控的次生代谢基因簇，据推测这些基因簇参与菌核形态发生和化学防御。存在多种控制次生代谢和菌核形成的调控因子表明，真菌已经进化出这些复杂的调控机制，作为一种快速调整化学反应的手段，以保护菌核免受捕食者、竞争者和其他环境胁迫因素的影响。
Fungal secondary metabolism and morphological development have been shown to be intimately associated at the genetic level. Much of the literature has focused on the co-regulation of secondary metabolite production (e.g., sterigmatocystin and aflatoxin in Aspergillus nidulans and Aspergillus flavus, respectively) with conidiation or formation of sexual fruiting bodies. However, many of these genetic links also control sclerotial production. Sclerotia are resistant structures produced by a number of fungal genera. They also represent the principal source of primary inoculum for some phytopathogenic fungi. In nature, higher plants often concentrate secondary metabolites in reproductive structures as a means of defense against herbivores and insects. By analogy, fungi also sequester a number of secondary metabolites in sclerotia that act as a chemical defense system against fungivorous predators. These include antiinsectant compounds such as tetramic acids, indole diterpenoids, pyridones, and diketopiperazines. This chapter will focus on the molecular mechanisms governing production of secondary metabolites and the role they play in sclerotial development and fungal ecology, with particular emphasis on Aspergillus species. The global regulatory proteins VeA and LaeA, components of the velvet nuclear protein complex, serve as virulence factors and control both development and secondary metabolite production in many Aspergillus species. We will discuss a number of VeA- and LaeA-regulated secondary metabolic gene clusters in A. flavus that are postulated to be involved in sclerotial morphogenesis and chemical defense. The presence of multiple regulatory factors that control secondary metabolism and sclerotial formation suggests that fungi have evolved these complex regulatory mechanisms as a means to rapidly adapt chemical responses to protect sclerotia from predators, competitors and other environmental stressors.
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曲霉素信号传导和群体感应途径取决于G蛋白偶联受体。
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Affeldt KJ;Brodhagen M;Keller NP
通讯作者：
Keller NP
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Brown, S. Horowitz;Zarnowski, R.;Keller, N. P.
通讯作者：
Keller, N. P.
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
ADAMS, TH;HIDE, WA;LEE, BN
通讯作者：
LEE, BN
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Brown, Sigal Horowitz;Scott, James B.;Keller, Nancy P.
通讯作者：
Keller, Nancy P.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1205532110
发表时间：
2013-01-02
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Andersen, Mikael R.;Nielsen, Jakob B.;Mortensen, Uffe H.
通讯作者：
Mortensen, Uffe H.