Machine learning for evaluating and improving theories

Machine learning for evaluating and improving theories
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用于评估和改进理论的机器学习

DOI:
10.1145/3440959.3440962
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
1
通讯作者:
Liang, Annie
Liang, Annie
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fudenberg, Drew;Liang, Annie

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我们总结了我们最近使用机器学习技术作为理论建模的补充而不是替代品的工作。关键的概念是模型的完备性和限制性。一个理论的完备性是指它在朴素基线上对预测的改进程度,相对于可能的改进程度。当一个理论相对不完整时,机器学习算法可以帮助揭示理论没有捕捉到的规律,从而导致理论的构建,做出更准确的预测。限制性衡量的是一个理论匹配任意假设数据的能力:一个非常不限制性的理论在几乎任何数据上都是完整的,因此它在实际数据上是完整的这一事实并不是很有指导意义。我们通过测量理论对随机生成行为的近似程度,用算法量化限制性。最后,我们提出“算法实验设计”作为一种方法来帮助选择哪些实验进行。
We summarize our recent work that uses machine learning techniques as a complement to theoretical modeling, rather than a substitute for it. The key concepts are those of the completeness and restrictiveness of a model. A theory's completeness is how much it improves predictions over a naive baseline, relative to how much improvement is possible. When a theory is relatively incomplete, machine learning algorithms can help reveal regularities that the theory doesn't capture, and thus lead to the construction of theories that make more accurate predictions. Restrictiveness measures a theory's ability to match arbitrary hypothetical data: A very unrestrictive theory will be complete on almost any data, so the fact that it is complete on the actual data is not very instructive. We algorithmically quantify restrictiveness by measuring how well the theory approximates randomly generated behaviors. Finally, we propose "algorithmic experimental design" as a method to help select which experiments to run.
DOI: 10.1145/2600057.2602907
发表时间: 2014-06
期刊: Proceedings of the fifteenth ACM conference on Economics and computation
影响因子: --
作者:
J. R. Wright;Kevin Leyton-Brown
通讯作者: J. R. Wright;Kevin Leyton-Brown
DOI: --
发表时间: 2019
期刊: The American Economic Review
影响因子: --
作者:
D. Fudenberg;Annie Liang
通讯作者: Annie Liang
DOI: --
发表时间: 2019
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
D. Fudenberg;J. Kleinberg;Annie Liang;S. Mullainathan
通讯作者: S. Mullainathan
DOI: 10.1016/0167-2681(94)90103-1
发表时间: 1994-12-01
影响因子: 2.2
作者:
STAHL, DO;WILSON, PW
通讯作者: WILSON, PW
DOI: 10.1037/0033-295x.94.2.236
发表时间: 1987-04-01
影响因子: 5.4
作者:
GOLDSTEIN, WM;EINHORN, HJ
通讯作者: EINHORN, HJ