Continuous symmetry breaking in a trapped-ion spin chain

Continuous symmetry breaking in a trapped-ion spin chain
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俘获离子自旋链中的连续对称性破缺

DOI:
10.1038/s41586-023-06656-7
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Monroe, Christopher
Monroe, Christopher
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Feng, Lei;Katz, Or;Haack, Casey;Maghrebi, Mohammad;Gorshkov, Alexey V.;Gong, Zhexuan;Cetina, Marko;Monroe, Christopher

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只有在存在足够长的长程相互作用的情况下,表现出连续对称性的一维系统才能容纳具有真正长程有序的物质的量子相。然而,在大多数物理系统中,相互作用是短程的,阻碍了一维中这些相的出现。在这里,我们使用一维捕获离子量子模拟器来制备具有远程自旋顺序的状态,该自旋顺序在高达23个自旋的系统大小上延伸,并且是物质的连续自旋破坏相的特征。我们的准备工作依赖于同时控制一系列紧密聚焦的单个寻址激光束,产生远程自旋-自旋相互作用。我们还观察到一个无序的阶段与挫折的相关性。我们进一步研究了在不同相互作用范围内的相位和对扰动破缺的平衡响应。这项工作为研究低维系统中新的量子相和非平衡动力学开辟了一条途径。
One-dimensional systems exhibiting a continuous symmetry can host quantum phases of matter with true long-range order only in the presence of sufficiently long-range interactions. In most physical systems, however, the interactions are short-ranged, hindering the emergence of such phases in one dimension. Here we use a one-dimensional trapped-ion quantum simulator to prepare states with long-range spin order that extends over the system size of up to 23 spins and is characteristic of the continuous symmetry-breaking phase of matter,. Our preparation relies on simultaneous control over an array of tightly focused individual addressing laser beams, generating long-range spin–spin interactions. We also observe a disordered phase with frustrated correlations. We further study the phases at different ranges of interaction and the out-of-equilibrium response to symmetry-breaking perturbations. This work opens an avenue to study new quantum phases and out-of-equilibrium dynamics in low-dimensional systems.
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