Thirty years and counting: finding meaning in the N400 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP).

Thirty years and counting: finding meaning in the N400 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP).
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.131123
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
24.8
通讯作者:
Federmeier KD
Federmeier KD
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kutas M;Federmeier KD

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我们概述了N400的发现,表征和不断发展的使用,这是一种与意义处理相关的事件相关脑电位反应。我们描述了一系列令人印象深刻的刺激类型-包括书面,口头和签署(伪)字,图画,照片和视频的面孔,物体和动作,声音和数学符号-N400的启发,并概述了N400振幅的敏感性(因为它的潜伏期是非常恒定的)语言和非语言操作。我们强调的有效性N400作为一个因变量检查几乎每一个方面的语言处理,并强调其扩大使用探测语义记忆,并确定如何动态和灵活地使用自下而上和自上而下的信息,使世界的意义。我们的结论与不同的理论N400的功能意义,并提供一个N400启发的意义处理可能会展开的重新概念化。
We overview the discovery, characterization, and evolving use of the N400, an event-related brain potential response linked to meaning processing. We describe the elicitation of N400s by an impressive range of stimulus types -- including written, spoken, and signed (pseudo)words, drawings, photos, and videos of faces, objects and actions, sounds, and mathematical symbols -- and outline the sensitivity of N400 amplitude (as its latency is remarkably constant) to linguistic and nonlinguistic manipulations. We emphasize the effectiveness of the N400 as a dependent variable for examining almost every aspect of language processing, and highlight its expanding use to probe semantic memory and to determine how the neurocognitive system dynamically and flexibly uses bottom-up and top-down information to make sense of the world. We conclude with different theories of the N400’s functional significance and offer an N400-inspired re-conceptualization of how meaning processing might unfold.
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