The impact of oxidative stress and inflammation on RPE degeneration in non-neovascular AMD.
The impact of oxidative stress and inflammation on RPE degeneration in non-neovascular AMD.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.03.002
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发表时间：
2017-09
影响因子：
17.8
通讯作者：
Handa JT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Datta S;Cano M;Ebrahimi K;Wang L;Handa JT
视网膜色素上皮（RPE）是高度特化的独特上皮细胞，其在其顶侧上与光感受器相互作用并且在其基底侧上与布鲁赫膜和脉络膜毛细血管相互作用。由于维持光感受器健康的重要功能，RPE对维持视力至关重要。随着年龄的增长和环境压力的累积效应，RPE可能变得功能失调并死亡。这种变性在年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）病理学中起着核心作用，AMD是西方社会老年人失明的主要原因。氧化应激和炎症在RPE变性中具有生理和潜在病理作用。鉴于视网膜色素上皮的核心作用，本文将重点介绍氧化应激和炎症对视网膜色素上皮与AMD病理生物学的影响。氧化应激的生理来源以及来自光氧化应激的独特来源，感光细胞外节的吞噬作用，以及可改变的因素，如吸烟和高脂肪饮食摄入，可以将氧化应激转化为病理作用，以及损害线粒体动力学和Nrf2信号系统对AMD中RPE健康的细胞保护作用的负面影响。同样，先天免疫系统对激发触发器的反应，以及局部RPE产生炎症的潜在作用，以及如果激发触发器未被中和则慢性炎症损伤的潜在作用，将被辩论。
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a highly specialized, unique epithelial cell that interacts with photoreceptors on its apical side and with Bruch’s membrane and the choriocapillaris on its basal side. Due to vital functions that keep photoreceptors healthy, the RPE is essential for maintaining vision. With aging and the accumulated effects of environmental stresses, the RPE can become dysfunctional and die. This degeneration plays a central role in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathobiology, the leading cause of blindness among the elderly in western societies. Oxidative stress and inflammation have both physiological and potentially pathological roles in RPE degeneration. Given the central role of the RPE, this review will focus on the impact of oxidative stress and inflammation on the RPE with AMD pathobiology. Physiological sources of oxidative stress as well as unique sources from photo-oxidative stress, the phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments, and modifiable factors such as cigarette smoking and high fat diet ingestion that can convert oxidative stress into a pathological role, and the negative impact of impairing the cytoprotective roles of mitochondrial dynamics and the Nrf2 signaling system on RPE health in AMD will be discussed. Likewise, the response by the innate immune system to an inciting trigger, and the potential role of local RPE production of inflammation, as well as a potential role for damage by inflammation with chronicity if the inciting trigger is not neutralized, will be debated.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
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