Growth and reproductive rates of the dominant copepod Pseudodiaptomus forbesi in response to environmental factors and habitat type in the northern San Francisco Estuary

Growth and reproductive rates of the dominant copepod Pseudodiaptomus forbesi in response to environmental factors and habitat type in the northern San Francisco Estuary
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旧金山河口北部优势桡足动物 Pseudodiaptomus forbesi 的生长和繁殖率对环境因素和生境类型的响应

DOI:
10.1007/s10452-021-09863-4
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
1.8
通讯作者:
Kimmerer, Wim J.
Kimmerer, Wim J.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gearty, Austin J.;Ignoffo, Toni R.;Slaughter, Anne M.;Kimmerer, Wim J.

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本文研究了美国加利福尼亚州旧金山口北部福贝斯拟双肢动物的生长和产卵率。来自早期几项研究的数据与新的数据相结合,以评估这些生命比率对环境因素的反应。在2006年至2018年的10年春秋期间,我们测量了118只早期桡足类(C1-C3)的生长率和191只产蛋率(EPR)。样本取自四种生境类型:微咸水、淡水、湿地和潮汐水道。生长速度平均为0.21d−1(范围0~0.53d−1),平均2.4个卵♀−1d−1(范围0~11个鸡蛋♀−1d−1)。雌性的群体比EPR平均约为桡足类生长速率的20%,这意味着比产蛋率不适合作为该物种特定生长速率的替代。一个矩形双曲线预测了24%的叶绿素浓度变化和19%的EPR变化(以生境类型为协变量的28%)。大部分的叶绿素值都在生长速率或EPR接近峰值的水平以下。与叶绿素相比,样本子集中的脂肪成分对生长速度的预测并不更好,与EPR无关。福贝氏沼虾的生长和繁殖大部分时间都受到食物的限制,特别是在开阔水域的栖息地。尽管有很高的可变性,但这些测量表明,北部SFE长期较低的初级产量限制了支持鱼类数量下降的食物网。
We examined growth and egg production rates of Pseudodiaptomus forbesi (Copepoda: Calanoida) in the northern San Francisco Estuary (SFE), California, USA. Data from several earlier studies were combined with new data to assess the responses of these vital rates to environmental factors. We measured 118 growth rates of early copepodites (C1–C3) and 191 egg production rates (EPRs) during spring–autumn of 10 years between 2006 and 2018. Samples were taken from four habitat types: brackish open water, fresh open water, wetland, and tidal channel. Growth rates averaged 0.21 d− 1 (range 0–0.53 d− 1), while EPR averaged 2.4 eggs♀− 1 d− 1 (range 0–11 eggs♀− 1 d− 1). Mass-specific EPR of females averaged about 20% of copepodite growth rate, meaning that specific egg production rate is not a suitable proxy for specific growth rate of this species. A rectangular hyperbola predicted 24% of the variation in growth rate from chlorophyll concentration and 19% of the variation in EPR (28% with habitat type as a covariate). Most of the chlorophyll values were below levels where growth rate or EPR approach their maxima. Lipid composition in a subset of samples gave no better prediction of growth rate than chlorophyll and was unrelated to EPR. Growth and reproduction of P. forbesi were food-limited most of the time, particularly in the open-water habitats. Despite high variability, these measurements make clear that the chronically low primary production in the northern SFE imposes limits on the food web supporting declining fish populations.
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