Reverse Genetics Approaches for the Development of Influenza Vaccines.
Reverse Genetics Approaches for the Development of Influenza Vaccines.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms18010020
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发表时间：
2016-12-22
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Martínez-Sobrido L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nogales A;Martínez-Sobrido L
流感病毒引起每年季节性流行和偶尔的人类呼吸道疾病大流行。流感病毒感染是一个严重的公共卫生和经济问题，通过疫苗接种可以最有效地预防。然而，流感病毒会经历持续的抗原变异，这需要每年重新配制季节性流感疫苗或快速生产针对潜在大流行病毒株的疫苗。流感病毒的分段性质允许在共同感染的细胞内两种或多种病毒之间进行重配，并且实验室也利用这一特性来产生重配病毒，以用作灭活或减毒活流感疫苗。随着基于质粒的反向遗传学技术的实施，现在可以通过转染易感细胞，完全从病毒基因组的全长互补DNA拷贝中改造重组流感病毒。这些反向遗传学系统为研究人员提供了新颖而有力的方法来回答有关流感病毒生物学的重要问题，包括病毒蛋白的功能、它们与细胞宿主因子的相互作用以及流感病毒传播和发病机制。此外，反向遗传学技术已经能够产生重组流感病毒，为开发灭活流感疫苗和减毒活流感疫苗提供了强大的技术。在这篇综述中，我们将总结当前最先进的、基于质粒的流感反向遗传学方法的知识及其实施，以提供快速、方便、安全和更有效的流感灭活或减毒活疫苗。
Influenza viruses cause annual seasonal epidemics and occasional pandemics of human respiratory disease. Influenza virus infections represent a serious public health and economic problem, which are most effectively prevented through vaccination. However, influenza viruses undergo continual antigenic variation, which requires either the annual reformulation of seasonal influenza vaccines or the rapid generation of vaccines against potential pandemic virus strains. The segmented nature of influenza virus allows for the reassortment between two or more viruses within a co-infected cell, and this characteristic has also been harnessed in the laboratory to generate reassortant viruses for their use as either inactivated or live-attenuated influenza vaccines. With the implementation of plasmid-based reverse genetics techniques, it is now possible to engineer recombinant influenza viruses entirely from full-length complementary DNA copies of the viral genome by transfection of susceptible cells. These reverse genetics systems have provided investigators with novel and powerful approaches to answer important questions about the biology of influenza viruses, including the function of viral proteins, their interaction with cellular host factors and the mechanisms of influenza virus transmission and pathogenesis. In addition, reverse genetics techniques have allowed the generation of recombinant influenza viruses, providing a powerful technology to develop both inactivated and live-attenuated influenza vaccines. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge of state-of-the-art, plasmid-based, influenza reverse genetics approaches and their implementation to provide rapid, convenient, safe and more effective influenza inactivated or live-attenuated vaccines.
影响因子：
5
作者：
Ozawa, Makoto;Kawaoka, Yoshihiro
通讯作者：
Kawaoka, Yoshihiro