Infrasound observations and constraints on the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii

Infrasound observations and constraints on the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii
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2018 年夏威夷凯劳厄亚火山喷发的次声观测和限制

DOI:
10.1007/s00445-022-01583-3
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Fee, David
Fee, David
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Thelen, Weston;Waite, Gregory;Lyons, John;Fee, David

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2018年的Kallauea火山喷发是一个动态事件,涉及数十公里范围内的多个喷口的爆炸,坍塌和喷泉。由美国地质勘探局夏威夷火山观测站(HVO)运营的永久次声网络已做好充分准备,以观察山顶的坍塌,额外的部署允许在东部裂谷带(LERZ)的裂缝期间进行次声观测。我们提供了一个总结次声观测,包括熔岩湖飞溅,崩溃,爆炸,落石,和熔岩喷泉,有时使用地震和倾斜,以帮助限制我们的解释。在卡波劳厄火山的顶峰,我们记录了部分破火山口坍塌的过程,并研究了一组“原坍塌”事件,这些事件发生在广泛观察到的事件之前,但与较大的坍塌事件具有许多相同的性质。对于最初的12个崩溃事件,我们比较了崩溃发生的时间与其他观测,并说明了记录的波形和次声特性与每一集破火山口崩溃的可重复特性。在LERZ中,我们将声学信号与视觉观察结果相匹配,包括裂缝迁移、裂缝附近的爆炸和沿岸的爆炸。最后,我们记录并讨论了次声警报在2018年Kampillauea火山爆发期间的性能。在一般情况下,报警成功地检测到崩溃事件在山顶的火山调整后,并成为一个关键的判别在崩溃事件的初步确定,特别是当视觉观察不可用时。
The 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano was a dynamic event involving explosions, collapses, and fountaining at multiple vents spread over tens of kilometers. The permanent infrasound network operated by the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) was well prepared to observe the collapse of the summit, and additional deployments permitted infrasound observations during fissuring in the lower East Rift Zone (LERZ). We provide a summary of infrasound observations, including lava lake spattering, collapses, explosions, rockfall, and lava fountaining, using seismicity and tilt at times to help constrain our interpretations. At the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, we document the process of partial caldera collapse and examine a set of “proto-collapse” events that precede the widely observed events but share many of the same qualities as the larger collapses. For the initial twelve collapse events, we compare the timing of collapse onset to other observations and illustrate the repeatable characteristics of the recorded waveforms and infrasound characteristics associated with each episode of caldera collapse. In the LERZ, we match the acoustic signals with visual observations, including fissure migration, explosions near fissures, and littoral explosions. Lastly, we document and discuss the performance of infrasound alarms during the 2018 Kīlauea eruption. In general, alarming became successful in detecting collapse events at the summit of the volcano after tuning and became a key discriminant in the initial determination of collapse events, especially when visual observations were not available.
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