Public quality standards and the food industry’s structure in a global economy
Public quality standards and the food industry’s structure in a global economy
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全球经济中的公共质量标准和食品工业结构
DOI：
10.1007/s41130-016-0012-7
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Larue
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Gaigné;B. Larue
本文研究了国际贸易背景下公共质量标准对产业结构的影响。我们考虑基于垄断竞争的国际贸易模型中的垂直差异化，在这种模型中，企业在生产率方面存在差异，并且在出口到任何给定目的地时必须承担两种固定的出口成本：一种是通用成本（即建立分销系统），另一种是特定目的地的成本，以满足进口国普遍存在的质量标准。可变成本在质量上也在增加。按国内标准，任何国家的公司的绝对数量都在减少，但按国内标准，外国公司的相对数量（市场份额）却在增加。提高公共质量标准有利于高生产率的外国公司，它们从质量导致的低生产率的国内和外国公司的退出中获益。遵循更严格的公共标准的行业生产率的提高不是像波特假设中那样来自诱导创新，而是来自生产率较低的企业的退出。
We study the impact of public quality standards on industry structure in a context of international trade. We consider vertical differentiation in an international trade model based on monopolistic competition in which firms differ in terms of their productivity and must incur two fixed export costs when exporting to any given destination: a generic one (i.e., setting up a distribution system) and a destination-specific one to meet the quality standard prevailing in the importing country. Variable costs are also increasing in quality. The absolute mass of firms in any given country is decreasing in the domestic standard, but the relative mass (market share) of foreign firms is increasing in the domestic standard. Increasing public quality standards benefit highly productive foreign firms which gain from the quality-induced exit of less productive domestic and foreign firms. The increase in industry productivity following stricter public standards does not result from induced innovation as in the Porter hypothesis but from the exit of less productive firms.
DOI：
10.1596/1813-9450-6518
发表时间：
2013-06
期刊：
International Trade eJournal
影响因子：
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作者：
E. Ferro;John S. Wilson;T. Otsuki
通讯作者：
E. Ferro;John S. Wilson;T. Otsuki