Universal shape and pressure inside bubbles appearing in van der Waals heterostructures.
Universal shape and pressure inside bubbles appearing in van der Waals heterostructures.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms12587
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发表时间：
2016-08-25
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Grigorieva, I. V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Khestanova, E.;Guinea, F.;Fumagalli, L.;Geim, A. K.;Grigorieva, I. V.
二维（2D）晶体和原子级平坦衬底之间的被困物质导致气泡的形成。它们的尺寸、形状和内部压力由晶体对衬底的货车德瓦尔斯吸引力和使其变形所需的弹性能之间的竞争决定，从而允许使用气泡来研究2D晶体的弹性特性和约束条件。使用原子力显微镜，我们分析了由石墨烯，氮化硼和MoS2单层形成的各种气泡。它们的形状被发现表现出普遍的缩放，在协议与我们的分析的基础上的弹性理论的膜。我们还测量了由约束引起的流体静压，发现在亚微米气泡内达到数十MPa。这与我们的理论估计一致，并表明对于更小的10 nm以下的气泡，压力可以接近1 GPa，并可能改变被困材料的性质。 垂直堆叠的2D材料之间的界面可以容纳气泡内捕获的污染物。在这里，作者表明，这种纳米气泡可以用作一个平台，以探索原子薄膜中的货车范德华压力和弹性，在以前无法进入的封闭环境。
Trapped substances between a two-dimensional (2D) crystal and an atomically flat substrate lead to the formation of bubbles. Their size, shape and internal pressure are determined by the competition between van der Waals attraction of the crystal to the substrate and the elastic energy needed to deform it, allowing to use bubbles to study elastic properties of 2D crystals and conditions of confinement. Using atomic force microscopy, we analysed a variety of bubbles formed by monolayers of graphene, boron nitride and MoS2. Their shapes are found to exhibit universal scaling, in agreement with our analysis based on the theory of elasticity of membranes. We also measured the hydrostatic pressure induced by the confinement, which was found to reach tens of MPa inside submicron bubbles. This agrees with our theory estimates and suggests that for even smaller, sub-10 nm bubbles the pressure can be close to 1 GPa and may modify properties of a trapped material. The interface between vertically stacked 2D materials can host contaminants trapped within bubbles. Here, the authors show that such nano-bubbles can be used as a platform to explore the van der Waals pressure and elasticity in atomically thin films, in a previously inaccessible confined environment.
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