Halogen-sodium exchange enables efficient access to organosodium compounds.

Halogen-sodium exchange enables efficient access to organosodium compounds.
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DOI:
10.1038/s42004-021-00513-2
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发表时间:
2021-05-24
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Takai, Kazuhiko
Takai, Kazuhiko
中科院分区:
化学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Asako, Sobi;Takahashi, Ikko;Nakajima, Hirotaka;Ilies, Laurean;Takai, Kazuhiko

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钠是地球上最丰富的碱金属,有机钠化合物是可持续化学合成的一个有吸引力的选择。然而,由于缺乏方便有效的制备方法,有机钠化合物很少使用,并且被有机锂化合物所掩盖。在这里,我们报告了一个卤素-钠交换方法来制备各种各样的(杂)芳基和烯基钠化合物,包括三和tetrasodioarenes,其中许多以前无法通过其他方法。关键发现是使用缺乏β-氢的伯和庞大的烷基钠,其延缓不期望的反应,如Wurtz-Fittig偶联和β-氢消除,并实现有效的卤素-钠交换。烷基钠易于由新戊基氯和易于处理的钠分散体原位制备。我们相信,本方法的效率,通用性和方便性将有助于有机钠在有机合成中的广泛使用,最终通过与目前占主导地位的有机锂试剂相竞争,促进可持续有机合成的发展。与新戊基钠的卤素-钠交换反应提供了原位获得一系列芳基和烯基有机钠化合物的途径,作为有机锂试剂的替代品。
With sodium being the most abundant alkali metal on Earth, organosodium compounds are an attractive choice for sustainable chemical synthesis. However, organosodium compounds are rarely used—and are overshadowed by organolithium compounds—because of a lack of convenient and efficient preparation methods. Here we report a halogen–sodium exchange method to prepare a large variety of (hetero)aryl- and alkenylsodium compounds including tri- and tetrasodioarenes, many of them previously inaccessible by other methods. The key discovery is the use of a primary and bulky alkylsodium lacking β-hydrogens, which retards undesired reactions, such as Wurtz–Fittig coupling and β-hydrogen elimination, and enables efficient halogen–sodium exchange. The alkylsodium is readily prepared in situ from neopentyl chloride and an easy-to-handle sodium dispersion. We believe that the efficiency, generality, and convenience of the present method will contribute to the widespread use of organosodium in organic synthesis, ultimately contributing to the development of sustainable organic synthesis by rivalling the currently dominant organolithium reagents. Halogen–sodium exchange reactions with neopentyl sodium provides access to a range of aryl and alkenyl organosodium compounds in situ, as an alternative to organolithium reagents.
DOI: 10.1021/cr50017a002
发表时间: 1957-01-01
期刊: CHEMICAL REVIEWS
影响因子: 62.1
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发表时间: 2019-07-19
影响因子: 3.6
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通讯作者: Collum, David B.
DOI: 10.1021/jo01113a005
发表时间: 1956-01-01
影响因子: 3.6
作者:
MORTON, AA;CLAFF, CE
通讯作者: CLAFF, CE