Designing productive, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly production systems by replacing fallow period with annual forage cultivation on the Loess Plateau of China
Designing productive, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly production systems by replacing fallow period with annual forage cultivation on the Loess Plateau of China
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中国黄土高原以年牧草替代休耕期，设计高效、节能、环保的生产系统
DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128660
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发表时间：
2021-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yuan Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jianqiang Deng;Hong Ni;Zhixin Zhang;Samaila Usman;Xianlong Yang;Yuying Shen;Yuan Li
加强农业以满足日益增长的人口的粮食需求可能导致能源需求和生产成本增加，并伴随着温室气体排放等环境危害。有必要发展无害环境和经济上可行的耕作制度，以维持可持续的农业和畜牧业生产。通过4年（2015-2019年）的田间试验，研究了6种轮作方式的能量需求、能源效率、经济效益和温室气体排放。这些作物轮作是通过加强传统的冬小麦（Triticum aestivumL.）单作和冬小麦-玉米（Zea maysL.）以饲用油菜（Brassica napusL.）或普通野豌豆（Vicia sativaL.）。结果表明，传统种植模式下强化饲用油菜后，系统生态效率指数平均下降63.0%，温室气体排放量增加43.3%。与包括饲用油菜的轮作相比，与普通箭舌豌豆的轮作平均EEI高67.5%，能量效率高85.3%。用箭舌豌豆代替夏季休闲期，平均经济收益和牧草产量分别增加了22.9%和4.41 t ha−1。结果表明，在夏季休闲期间种植普通野豌豆可能是一种生产力和经济上合理的做法，具有低能量需求。在全球环境污染和资源有限的情况下，这种做法可以通过提供更清洁、更节能的生产而使农业受益。农民根据与作物市场价值和温室气体相关的能源需求选择作物，对于将饲料作物纳入种植系统的盈利能力和生态效益至关重要。建议进一步研究，包括其他重要因素，如酸化和富营养化，以全面评价环境友好型生产系统。
Intensifying agriculture to meet the food requirements of the growing population could result in increased energy demands and production costs with accompanying environmental hazards such as greenhouse gas emissions. There is a need to develop environmentally friendly and economically viable cropping systems to maintain sustainable agriculture and livestock production. A 4-year field experiment (2015–2019) was conducted to investigate the energy requirements, energy efficiency, economic returns, and greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) of six crop rotation systems. These crop rotations were established by intensifying the traditional winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) mono-cropping and winter wheat-maize (Zea maysL.) cropping rotation systems with forage rape (Brassica napusL.) or common vetch (Vicia sativaL.). The results showed that the average system eco-efficiency index (EEI) decreased by 63.0% and that GHGs increased by 43.3% when traditional cropping systems were intensified with forage rape. Compared to the rotations that included forage rape, the rotation with common vetch had a 67.5% higher average EEI and an 85.3% higher energy efficiency. Replacing the summer fallow period with common vetch increased the average economic return and forage yield by 22.9% and 4.41 t ha−1. The results suggested that planting common vetch during the summer fallow period may be a productive and economically sound practice that has low energy requirements. This practice could benefit agriculture by providing cleaner, more energy-efficient production under a scenario of global environmental pollution and constrained resources. Crop selection by farmers that is based on energy requirements they relate to crop market values and GHGs is crucial for the profitability and eco-efficient incorporation of forage crops into cropping systems. Further study to include other important factors such as acidification and eutrophication is recommended for a comprehensive evaluations of environmentally friendly production systems.
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影响因子：
6.5
作者：
Huang, MB;Shao, MG;Li, YS
通讯作者：
Li, YS
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影响因子：
6.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
8.7
作者：
Selim Adem Hatirli;B. Ozkan;C. Fert
通讯作者：
Selim Adem Hatirli;B. Ozkan;C. Fert
影响因子：
11.2
作者：
Nassiri, Seyed Mehdi;Singh, Surendra
通讯作者：
Singh, Surendra
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Hainan Wang;Yingsheng Yang;Xiaoyi Zhang;Guangdong Tian
通讯作者：
Hainan Wang;Yingsheng Yang;Xiaoyi Zhang;Guangdong Tian