Inhibition-excitation balance in the parietal cortex modulates volitional control for auditory and visual multistability.
Inhibition-excitation balance in the parietal cortex modulates volitional control for auditory and visual multistability.
复制标题
顶叶皮层中的抑制作用平衡调节自愿控制听觉和视觉多性性。
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-018-32892-3
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发表时间：
2018-09-28
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Kashino M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kondo HM;Pressnitzer D;Shimada Y;Kochiyama T;Kashino M
感知型组织必须从几种选择中选择一种解释来指导行为。计算模型表明，这可以通过抑制和兴奋之间的相互作用，跨越每种解释的竞争类型的神经群体编码来实现。在这里，为了测试这样的模型，我们使用磁共振波谱非侵入性地测量了几个大脑区域中抑制性γ-氨基丁酸和兴奋性谷氨酸-谷氨酰胺的浓度。人类参与者首先执行听觉和视觉多稳定性任务，这些任务会在感知之间产生自发的切换。然后，我们观察到，在行为过程中，较长的感知持续时间与每种通道的感觉区域编码中较高的GABA/GLX比率有关。当参与者被要求自愿调整他们的知觉时，出现了一个跨模式的共同因素：顶叶后皮质的GABA/GLX比率往往与有效意志控制量呈正相关。我们的结果提供了直接的证据，暗示感觉区域内神经抑制和兴奋之间的平衡解决了知觉竞争。这一强大的计算原理似乎被听觉和视觉两者所利用，在不同的模式中独立实施，但受到集成控制过程的调节。
Perceptual organisation must select one interpretation from several alternatives to guide behaviour. Computational models suggest that this could be achieved through an interplay between inhibition and excitation across competing types of neural population coding for each interpretation. Here, to test for such models, we used magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure non-invasively the concentrations of inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and excitatory glutamate-glutamine (Glx) in several brain regions. Human participants first performed auditory and visual multistability tasks that produced spontaneous switching between percepts. Then, we observed that longer percept durations during behaviour were associated with higher GABA/Glx ratios in the sensory area coding for each modality. When participants were asked to voluntarily modulate their perception, a common factor across modalities emerged: the GABA/Glx ratio in the posterior parietal cortex tended to be positively correlated with the amount of effective volitional control. Our results provide direct evidence implicating that the balance between neural inhibition and excitation within sensory regions resolves perceptual competition. This powerful computational principle appears to be leveraged by both audition and vision, implemented independently across modalities, but modulated by an integrated control process.
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