The metabolic roles of the endosymbiotic organelles of Toxoplasma and Plasmodium spp.

The metabolic roles of the endosymbiotic organelles of Toxoplasma and Plasmodium spp.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.mib.2013.07.003
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发表时间:
2013-08
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
McFadden GI
McFadden GI
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sheiner L;Vaidya AB;McFadden GI

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顶质体和顶复合体的线粒体合作提供必需的代谢物。与哺乳动物和植物相比,它们在祖先获得质体和随后失去光合作用期间的共同进化导致了不同的代谢途径。这在它们的化学血红素合成途径中最为明显。弓形虫和疟原虫线粒体运行典型的TCA循环和电子传递链,尽管弓形虫速殖子和疟原虫红细胞阶段的作用不同。谷氨酰胺分解代谢在两种寄生虫中提供TCA中间体。类异戊二烯前体的合成是顶质体在疟原虫红细胞阶段的唯一重要作用。在这些阶段,位于顶质体的脂肪酸合成是必不可少的,而主要是挽救脂肪酸,而在疟原虫肝脏阶段和弓形虫速殖子中,脂肪酸合成是质体的重要作用。
The apicoplast and the mitochondrion of Apicomplexa cooperate in providing essential metabolites. Their co-evolution during the ancestral acquisition of a plastid and subsequent loss of photosynthesis resulted in divergent metabolic pathways compared with mammals and plants. This is most evident in their chimerical haem synthesis pathway. Toxoplasma and Plasmodium mitochondria operate canonical TCA cycles and electron transport chains, although the roles differ between Toxoplasma tachyzoites and Plasmodium erythrocytic stages. Glutamine catabolism provides TCA intermediates in both parasites. Isoprenoid precursor synthesis is the only essential role of the apicoplast in Plasmodium erythrocytic stages. An apicoplast-located fatty acid synthesis is dispensable in these stages, which instead predominantly salvage fatty acids, while in Plasmodium liver stages and in Toxoplasma tachyzoites fatty acid synthesis is an essential role of the plastid.
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