Solid State Radiation Detectors
Solid State Radiation Detectors
复制标题
固态辐射探测器
DOI：
--
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Entine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Squillante;J. Christian;G. Entine
对于包括医学成像、国土安全、无损检测和科学研究在内的许多应用，固态辐射探测器提供了单位体积灵敏度、包装灵活性、成本以及将电离辐射有效转换为适合现代仪器测量的电信号的最佳组合。固态探测器用于感应所有主要形式的电离辐射，包括x射线、伽马射线、带电粒子和中子。带电粒子包括电子、粒子、正电子、质子、粒子、裂变碎片和其他离子。固态探测器包括半导体，如硅和碲化镉，以及耦合到固态光电探测器的闪烁体，如耦合到硅光电二极管的NaI（Tl）。经过50多年的发展，这仍然是一个令人兴奋的研究领域，经常有重大进展的报道。使辐射探测技术成为一个蓬勃发展的领域的因素是其在尺寸、重量、功率、对高分辨率数字成像的需求、低成本以及能够处理大量固态探测器元件产生的大量数据的高性能计算机的可用性方面的固有优势。本文回顾了电离辐射与物质相互作用的主要机制，这些相互作用如何在各种类型的固态传感器中产生电子信号，许多更常见的固态核探测器的特性，以及它们的特性的比较，因为它们与选择它们之间的特定应用有关。
For many applications including medical imaging, homeland security, nondestructive testing and scientific research, solid-state radiation detectors provide the best combination of sensitivity per unit volume, flexibility in packaging, cost, and efficient conversion of ionizing radiation into electrical signals suitable for measurement with modern instrumentation. Solid-state detectors are used for sensing all of the main forms of ionizing radiation including X-rays, gamma rays, charged particles, and neutrons. Charged particles include electrons, beta particles, positrons, protons, alpha particles, fission fragments, and other ions. Solid-state detectors include semiconductors, such as silicon and cadmium telluride, and scintillators coupled to solid state photodetectors such as NaI(Tl) coupled to silicon photodiodes. After more than 50 years of development, this remains an exciting area of research with regular reports of significant advances. The factors which make this such a thriving and growing area in radiation detection technology are the inherent advantages in size, weight, power, the need for high resolution digital imaging, low cost, as well as the availability of high performance computers capable of handling large amounts of data generated by large number of solid-state detector elements. This article reviews the primary mechanisms by which ionizing radiation interacts with matter, how these interactions create electronic signals within the various types of solid-state sensors, the properties of many of the more common solid-state nuclear detectors, and a comparison of their properties as they relate to choosing among them for a particular application.
Keywords:
ionizing radiation;
nuclear radiation;
photodiode;
scintillator;
semiconductor
DOI：
10.1016/j.nima.2010.03.004
发表时间：
2010-12-11
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Christian, James F.;Stapels, Christopher J.;Johnson, Erik B.;McClish, Mickel;Dokhale, Purushotthom;Shah, Kanai S.;Mukhopadhyay, Sharmistha;Chapman, Eric;Augustine, Frank L.
通讯作者：
Augustine, Frank L.