Toward the Language Oscillogenome.

Toward the Language Oscillogenome.
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DOI:
10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01999
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Benítez-Burraco A
Benítez-Burraco A
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Murphy E;Benítez-Burraco A

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从个体发育和系统发育两方面来看,语言都是由特定的大脑连接模式产生的。我们认为,可以进一步表明,语言处理的核心特征来自神经振荡的特定相位和交叉频率耦合特性;这种语言被称为“振荡体”。“我们预计语言示波组的基本方面是由基因引导产生的,我们在这里称之为语言‘示波基因组’,我们将为此提出一份候选基因清单。”我们考虑了与语言缺陷有关的大脑节律性改变的基因:自闭症谱系障碍、精神分裂症、特定语言障碍和阅读障碍。这些被选择的基因映射到大脑功能的各个方面,特别是神经递质功能。我们强调,考虑到特定的局部频带在认知中的潜在作用范围,在构建任何示波器基因组时都应采取谨慎态度。我们的目标是提出一套基因组与语言联系的假设,这些假设在经过测试后,将为大脑节律在语言处理和进化方面提供解释力。
Language has been argued to arise, both ontogenetically and phylogenetically, from specific patterns of brain wiring. We argue that it can further be shown that core features of language processing emerge from particular phasal and cross-frequency coupling properties of neural oscillations; what has been referred to as the language ‘oscillome.’ It is expected that basic aspects of the language oscillome result from genetic guidance, what we will here call the language ‘oscillogenome,’ for which we will put forward a list of candidate genes. We have considered genes for altered brain rhythmicity in conditions involving language deficits: autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, specific language impairment and dyslexia. These selected genes map on to aspects of brain function, particularly on to neurotransmitter function. We stress that caution should be adopted in the construction of any oscillogenome, given the range of potential roles particular localized frequency bands have in cognition. Our aim is to propose a set of genome-to-language linking hypotheses that, given testing, would grant explanatory power to brain rhythms with respect to language processing and evolution.
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