Anthrax toxin triggers endocytosis of its receptor via a lipid raft-mediated clathrin-dependent process.

Anthrax toxin triggers endocytosis of its receptor via a lipid raft-mediated clathrin-dependent process.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.200211018
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发表时间:
2003-02-03
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
van der Goot FG
van der Goot FG
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Abrami L;Liu S;Cosson P;Leppla SH;van der Goot FG

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炭疽毒素的保护性抗原(PA)与细胞表面受体结合,从而允许致死因子(LF)被摄取并在细胞质中发挥其毒性作用。在这里,我们报告说,炭疽毒素受体(ATR)与七聚体PA或抗体夹心的集群导致其协会专门的胆固醇和鞘糖脂丰富的质膜(脂筏)的微域。我们发现,虽然ATR的内吞作用是缓慢的,集群成筏无论是通过PA七聚化或使用抗体夹心是必要的,足以触发有效的内化,并允许LF交付到细胞质。重要的是,使用药物改变筏的完整性阻止了LF的递送和胞质MAPK激酶的裂解,这表明脂筏可以作为抗炭疽药物的治疗靶点。此外,我们发现PA的内化是动力蛋白和Eps15依赖的,表明网格蛋白依赖的途径是炭疽毒素进入细胞的主要途径。目前的工作表明,虽然ATR的生理作用是未知的,其运输特性,即,作为单体缓慢的内吞作用和快速的网格蛋白介导的聚集摄取,使其成为理想的炭疽毒素受体。
The protective antigen (PA) of the anthrax toxin binds to a cell surface receptor and thereby allows lethal factor (LF) to be taken up and exert its toxic effect in the cytoplasm. Here, we report that clustering of the anthrax toxin receptor (ATR) with heptameric PA or with an antibody sandwich causes its association to specialized cholesterol and glycosphingolipid-rich microdomains of the plasma membrane (lipid rafts). We find that although endocytosis of ATR is slow, clustering it into rafts either via PA heptamerization or using an antibody sandwich is necessary and sufficient to trigger efficient internalization and allow delivery of LF to the cytoplasm. Importantly, altering raft integrity using drugs prevented LF delivery and cleavage of cytosolic MAPK kinases, suggesting that lipid rafts could be therapeutic targets for drugs against anthrax. Moreover, we show that internalization of PA is dynamin and Eps15 dependent, indicating that the clathrin-dependent pathway is the major route of anthrax toxin entry into the cell. The present work illustrates that although the physiological role of the ATR is unknown, its trafficking properties, i.e., slow endocytosis as a monomer and rapid clathrin-mediated uptake on clustering, make it an ideal anthrax toxin receptor.
突变动力蛋白的诱导特异性阻断内吞涂层囊泡的形成。
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