Two distinct Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811) taxa are found in sympatry in Guatemala and Mexico.
Two distinct Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811) taxa are found in sympatry in Guatemala and Mexico.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0000393
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Monroy C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dorn PL;Calderon C;Melgar S;Moguel B;Solorzano E;Dumonteil E;Rodas A;de la Rua N;Garnica R;Monroy C
大约有1 000万人感染了克氏锥虫，这是南美锥虫病的病原体，而南美锥虫病仍然是美洲最严重的寄生虫病。大多数人是通过锥蝽媒介感染的。在南美洲以家庭媒介为主的地区，传播已基本停止。然而，中美洲的主要南美锥虫病媒之一Triatoma dimidiata，由于其广泛的地理范围（从墨西哥到南美洲北方）的多样性，以及杀虫剂处理后重新填充房屋的栖息地和森林种群，对控制构成了特殊的挑战。最近的证据表明T.半花类可能是一个物种的复合体，也许包括神秘的物种;混淆控制的分类学上的模糊性。利用核糖体DNA内转录间隔区2（ITS 2）和线粒体细胞色素B（mt cyt B）基因的序列分析了该属的分类学特征。产于墨西哥南部整个中美洲。ITS 2序列将T. dimidiata分为4个类群。前三种主要分布在特定的地理区域，但有一些重叠：（1）墨西哥南部和危地马拉（第2组）;（2）危地马拉、洪都拉斯、萨尔瓦多、尼加拉瓜和哥斯达黎加（第1A组）;（3）和巴拿马（第1B组）。我们将ITS 2组1A向南延伸到哥斯达黎加，组2延伸到危地马拉南部，并显示了关于伯利兹分离物的第一个信息，确定了该国的组2和组3。第四组（第3组），一个潜在的神秘物种，分布在墨西哥，危地马拉和伯利兹的部分地区。我们表明，它存在于同域与其他群体在佩滕，危地马拉，尤卡坦半岛，墨西哥。线粒体cyt B数据支持这一假定的神秘物种与其他物种同域。然而，与ITS 2对其余组的明确区分不同，其余组未被mt cyt B分开。这一工作有助于了解该属的分类和种群分化。dimidiata，设计有效的控制策略至关重要。查加斯病寄生虫通过锥蝽传播给人类，仍然是拉丁美洲心脏和消化系统疾病的主要原因。在南美洲南部的大部分地区，喷洒杀虫剂有效地阻止了传播，特别是在这些虫子只生活在室内的地方。在中美洲，生活在森林里的虫子很容易在经过处理的房子里繁殖。此外，在中美洲传播恰加斯病的主要昆虫种类之一-Triatoma dimidiata，尽管在不同的地方看起来相似，但可能由遗传上不同的种群组成，甚至是不同的物种，它们传播寄生虫的效率不同：这些特征使防治工作感到困惑。核和线粒体DNA分析，以表征不同群体的T。产于墨西哥和中美洲。核DNA和线粒体DNA都表明，T. dimidiata，甚至可能是一个不同的物种，与其他T.在墨西哥和危地马拉有两种。核DNA将剩下的T.三个不同的基因组。然而，线粒体DNA不能区分这些额外的群体。这项研究有助于通过显示遗传上不同的T。有二种。
Approximately 10 million people are infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, which remains the most serious parasitic disease in the Americas. Most people are infected via triatomine vectors. Transmission has been largely halted in South America in areas with predominantly domestic vectors. However, one of the main Chagas vectors in Mesoamerica, Triatoma dimidiata, poses special challenges to control due to its diversity across its large geographic range (from Mexico into northern South America), and peridomestic and sylvatic populations that repopulate houses following pesticide treatment. Recent evidence suggests T. dimidiata may be a complex of species, perhaps including cryptic species; taxonomic ambiguity which confounds control. The nuclear sequence of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of the ribosomal DNA and the mitochondrial cytochrome b (mt cyt b) gene were used to analyze the taxonomy of T. dimidiata from southern Mexico throughout Central America. ITS2 sequence divides T. dimidiata into four taxa. The first three are found mostly localized to specific geographic regions with some overlap: (1) southern Mexico and Guatemala (Group 2); (2) Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica (Group 1A); (3) and Panama (Group 1B). We extend ITS2 Group 1A south into Costa Rica, Group 2 into southern Guatemala and show the first information on isolates in Belize, identifying Groups 2 and 3 in that country. The fourth group (Group 3), a potential cryptic species, is dispersed across parts of Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize. We show it exists in sympatry with other groups in Peten, Guatemala, and Yucatan, Mexico. Mitochondrial cyt b data supports this putative cryptic species in sympatry with others. However, unlike the clear distinction of the remaining groups by ITS2, the remaining groups are not separated by mt cyt b. This work contributes to an understanding of the taxonomy and population subdivision of T. dimidiata, essential for designing effective control strategies. The Chagas disease parasite, transmitted to humans by triatomine bugs, remains a leading cause of heart and digestive disease in Latin America. Pesticide spraying has effectively halted transmission in most of southern South America, especially where the bugs live exclusively inside houses. In Mesoamerica, bugs living in the forest readily reinfest treated houses. In addition, one of the main species of insect that transmits Chagas in Mesoamerica, Triatoma dimidiata, although it looks similar in different localities, may consist of genetically distinct populations, even different species, which differ in how efficiently they transmit the parasite: characteristics which confound control efforts. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA were analyzed to characterize different populations of T. dimidiata from Mexico and Central America. Both the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA show that there is a very distinct population of T. dimidiata, perhaps even a different species, that lives in very close proximity with other T. dimidiata in Mexico and Guatemala. The nuclear DNA divides the remaining T. dimidiata into three additional genetically distinct groups. However, the mitochondrial DNA does not distinguish these additional groups. This study helps inform control efforts by showing where genetically distinct populations of T. dimidiata occur.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Dotson, EM;Beard, CB
通讯作者：
Beard, CB
DOI：
10.1590/s0074-02762005000700014
发表时间：
2005-11-01
期刊：
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
影响因子：
--
作者：
Giordano, Rosanna;Cortez, Juan Carlos Pizarro;Stevens, Lori
通讯作者：
Stevens, Lori
DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2008.78.791
发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Almeida, Carlos Eduardo;Pacheco, Raquel S.;Costa, Jane
通讯作者：
Costa, Jane
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Bargues, MD;Marcilla, A;Mas-Coma, S
通讯作者：
Mas-Coma, S
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Bustamante, DM;Monroy, C;Dujardin, JP
通讯作者：
Dujardin, JP