Microbial transformation of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill-past, present, and future perspectives.
Microbial transformation of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill-past, present, and future perspectives.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2014.00603
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Morris PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimes NE;Callaghan AV;Suflita JM;Morris PJ
2010年4月20日发生的深水地平线井喷导致了史无前例的石油泄漏。尽管对油井进行了复杂的封堵工作，但石油和天然气仍从现场喷出，直到2010年7月15日。尽管很大一部分碳氢化合物是通过自然过程和人为干预而耗尽的，但很大一部分石油仍然下落不明，并影响到整个墨西哥湾的多种生态系统。这次泄漏的深度、持续时间和规模都是独一无二的，引发了许多关于释放的碳氢化合物命运的问题和担忧。一个主要问题是微生物群落是否能够代谢碳氢化合物，如果能够，通过什么机制和程度？在这篇综述中，我们总结了过去四年中进行的研究所描述的微生物对漏油的反应，概述了与水柱、地表水、深海沉积物和沿海沙子/沉积物有关的不同反应。总而言之，这些研究提供了证据，表明微生物对深水地平线漏油事件的反应迅速而有力，显示了针对低分子脂肪族和芳香族碳氢化合物优化的共同衰减机制。相比之下，缺乏证据表明更多顽固性碳氢化合物成分的减少表明，未来的工作应侧重于顽固性化合物的环境影响和代谢命运，如含氧油成分。
The Deepwater Horizon blowout, which occurred on April 20, 2010, resulted in an unprecedented oil spill. Despite a complex effort to cap the well, oil and gas spewed from the site until July 15, 2010. Although a large proportion of the hydrocarbons was depleted via natural processes and human intervention, a substantial portion of the oil remained unaccounted for and impacted multiple ecosystems throughout the Gulf of Mexico. The depth, duration and magnitude of this spill were unique, raising many questions and concerns regarding the fate of the hydrocarbons released. One major question was whether or not microbial communities would be capable of metabolizing the hydrocarbons, and if so, by what mechanisms and to what extent? In this review, we summarize the microbial response to the oil spill as described by studies performed during the past four years, providing an overview of the different responses associated with the water column, surface waters, deep-sea sediments, and coastal sands/sediments. Collectively, these studies provide evidence that the microbial response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill was rapid and robust, displaying common attenuation mechanisms optimized for low molecular weight aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. In contrast, the lack of evidence for the attenuation of more recalcitrant hydrocarbon components suggests that future work should focus on both the environmental impact and metabolic fate of recalcitrant compounds, such as oxygenated oil components.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Callaghan AV
通讯作者：
Callaghan AV
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
D'Hondt, S;Jorgensen, BB;Acosta, JLS
通讯作者：
Acosta, JLS
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Dubinsky, Eric A.;Conrad, Mark E.;Andersen, Gary L.
通讯作者：
Andersen, Gary L.
影响因子：
11
作者：
Davidova, Irene A.;Gieg, Lisa M.;Suflita, Joseph M.
通讯作者：
Suflita, Joseph M.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Diercks, Arne-R.;Highsmith, Raymond C.;Lohrenz, Steven E.
通讯作者：
Lohrenz, Steven E.