Climate mitigation policy in China
Climate mitigation policy in China
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中国的气候减缓政策
DOI：
10.1080/14693062.2015.1096477
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发表时间：
2015-11
期刊：
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
ZhongXiang Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ZhongXiang Zhang
从2016年到2020年的第十三个五年计划（FYP）对中国来说非常关键。在国内，北京等地频繁遭遇的雾霾天气，以及石油进口量的急剧上升，引发了人们对一系列环境问题、健康风险和能源安全的担忧。在国际上，中国已经是世界上最大的能源消费国和碳排放国，而且在未来一至二十年内，中国的能源使用量和碳排放量将继续迅速上升，并迅速成为世界上最大的经济体，因此，中国在国际气候谈判内外都面临着巨大的压力，要求中国在应对全球气候变化方面更加雄心勃勃。从中国自身的角度来看，中国不能（从国际的角度来看也不应该）继续走鼓励经济增长的传统道路，因为30年几乎不间断的两位数增长是以污染和自然资源开采的高昂代价为代价的。显然，平衡中国推动经济增长的能源需求与气候变化的潜在影响，不仅对中国，而且对整个世界来说，都是一个巨大的气候政策困境。中国领导人充分认识到这些挑战。中国共产党第十八次中央委员会会议通过了生态文明的总方针，将生态目标置于与现有经济、政治、文化和社会发展政策同等重要的地位，并强调将生态文明全面贯彻到经济发展的各个方面。在生态文明的宏伟愿景下，问题是中国如何在十三五规划及以后探索具体的、建设性的和现实的解决方案，以成功地向低碳、绿色经济转型。为此，中国需要在全国范围内限制煤炭消费，减少污染严重地区的煤炭绝对消费，并在政府权力下放和前所未有的城市化背景下，做出前所未有的努力，控制重点耗能行业和城市的能源消耗和碳排放。中国将需要加强和扩大旗舰方案和举措以及支持性经济政策，利用市场力量促进产业升级和节能，进一步扩大可再生能源的广泛使用，并需要加强这些政策和措施的实施，以真正向低碳经济转型。
The 13th Five-Year Plan (FYP) period running from 2016 to 2020 is very crucial for China. Domestically, the dense smog and haze that frequently hit Beijing and other places in China, together with steeply rising oil imports, are raising great concern about a range of environmental problems, health risks, and energy security. Internationally, given that it is already the world’s largest energy consumer and carbon emitter, and that its energy use and carbon emissions continue to rise rapidly as it moves quickly towards being the largest world economy in the next one to two decades, China is facing great pressure, both inside and outside the international climate negotiations, to be more ambitious in combating global climate change. From its own perspective, China cannot afford to (and from an international perspective is not expected to) continue on the conventional path of encouraging economic growth, as three decades of almost uninterrupted double-digit growth has come at the high price of pollution and the exploitation of natural resources. Clearly, balancing China’s energy needs to fuel its economic growth with the resulting potential impacts of climate change presents an enormous climate policy dilemma, not just for China, but for the entire world. The Chinese leaders are fully aware of these challenges. In response, the 18th Conference of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China adopted a general policy of Ecological Civilisation, placed ecological goals at the same level of priority as existing policies on economic, political, cultural, and social development, and emphasised that Ecological Civilisation would be fully implemented in all aspects of economic development. With the grand vision of Ecological Civilisation, the issue is then how China explores concrete, constructive, and realistic solutions in the 13th FYP and beyond in order to succeed in transitioning to a low-carbon, green economy. To that end, China needs to cap nationwide coal consumption, cut coal consumption in absolute terms in severely polluted regions, and make unprecedented efforts to keep energy consumption and carbon emissions under control in key energy-consuming industries and cities in the context of government decentralisation and unprecedented urbanisation. China will need to strengthen and expand flagship programmes and initiatives and supportive economic policies, and harness market forces to promote industrial upgrading and energy conservation and further increase the widespread use of renewable energy, and it will need to enhance the implementation of these policies and measures in order to genuinely transform into a low-carbon economy.
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影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Zhongxiang Zhang
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
12.8
作者：
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Can Wang;Jie Lin;Wenjia Cai;ZhongXiang Zhang
通讯作者：
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