Pathogenesis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Pathogenesis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-pathol-042420-093238
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发表时间:
2022-01-24
期刊:
Annual review of pathology
影响因子:
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其他
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三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)包括具有不同组织学、基因组学和免疫学特征的一组根本不同的疾病的异质性,其由于缺乏雌激素受体、孕激素受体和人表皮生长因子受体2表达而聚集在该术语下。大规模平行测序和其他组学技术已经证明了TNBC的异质性水平,并揭示了乳腺癌中这种治疗上具有挑战性的实体的发病机制。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了TNBC的组织学和分子学分类,这些不同肿瘤类型所包含的基因组改变,以及这些改变对这些肿瘤发病机制的潜在影响。我们还探讨了肿瘤微环境在TNBC生物学中的作用及其对治疗反应的潜在影响。剖析每种TNBC亚型的生物学特性并了解其治疗依赖性,对于兑现为三阴性疾病患者提供精准医疗的承诺至关重要。
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) encompasses a heterogeneous group of fundamentally different diseases with different histologic, genomic, and immunologic profiles, which are aggregated under this term because of their lack of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression. Massively parallel sequencing and other omics technologies have demonstrated the level of heterogeneity in TNBCs and shed light into the pathogenesis of this therapeutically challenging entity in breast cancer. In this review, we discuss the histologic and molecular classifications of TNBC, the genomic alterations these different tumor types harbor, and the potential impact of these alterations on the pathogenesis of these tumors. We also explore the role of the tumor microenvironment in the biology of TNBCs and its potential impact on therapeutic response. Dissecting the biology and understanding the therapeutic dependencies of each TNBC subtype will be essential to delivering on the promise of precision medicine for patients with triple-negative disease.
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