Impaired Audiovisual Representation of Phonemes in Children with Developmental Language Disorder.
Impaired Audiovisual Representation of Phonemes in Children with Developmental Language Disorder.
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发育语言障碍儿童中音素的视听表示受损。
DOI：
10.3390/brainsci11040507
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发表时间：
2021-04-16
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Christ S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaganovich N;Schumaker J;Christ S
我们研究了发展性语言障碍(DLD)儿童在将关于说话者口型的信息编码为长期音素表示的程度上是否与具有典型发展(TD)的同龄人不同。孩子们看着说话者的脸，听着罕见的从[I]到[U]或相反的变化。在中性状态下，说话者的脸始终闭着嘴。在视听冲突条件下，口型总是与频繁的元音相匹配，即使是在播放罕见元音的情况下也是如此。我们假设，在中性条件下，语音的长期视听记忆痕迹不会被激活。因此，异常引起的神经反应只反映了对观察到的视听序列的破坏。相反，我们预计在视听违规的条件下，对频繁元音典型的语音/嘴唇结构的长期记忆痕迹将被激活。在这种情况下，罕见的声音变化引起的神经反应不仅反映了观察到的视听模式，也反映了对给定元音发音时看起来如何的长期记忆表示的破坏。每当孩子们看到说话者的脸上露出傻乎乎的表情时，他们就会按下回答按钮。我们发现，在TD儿童中，罕见的听觉变化在视听违规条件下在头皮后部产生显著的失配负波(MMN)事件相关电位(ERP)成分，而在中性条件下不产生。在患有DLD的儿童中，这两种情况下都不存在MMN。罕见的元音变化在两组和两种情况下都引发了显著的P3，表明所有儿童都注意到了听觉变化。我们的结果表明，患有TD的儿童，而不是DLD的儿童，即使在执行与音素加工无关的任务时，也会将视觉信息整合到长期音素表征中，并检测到视听音素一致性的违规行为。
We examined whether children with developmental language disorder (DLD) differed from their peers with typical development (TD) in the degree to which they encode information about a talker’s mouth shape into long-term phonemic representations. Children watched a talker’s face and listened to rare changes from [i] to [u] or the reverse. In the neutral condition, the talker’s face had a closed mouth throughout. In the audiovisual violation condition, the mouth shape always matched the frequent vowel, even when the rare vowel was played. We hypothesized that in the neutral condition no long-term audiovisual memory traces for speech sounds would be activated. Therefore, the neural response elicited by deviants would reflect only a violation of the observed audiovisual sequence. In contrast, we expected that in the audiovisual violation condition, a long-term memory trace for the speech sound/lip configuration typical for the frequent vowel would be activated. In this condition then, the neural response elicited by rare sound changes would reflect a violation of not only observed audiovisual patterns but also of a long-term memory representation for how a given vowel looks when articulated. Children pressed a response button whenever they saw a talker’s face assume a silly expression. We found that in children with TD, rare auditory changes produced a significant mismatch negativity (MMN) event-related potential (ERP) component over the posterior scalp in the audiovisual violation condition but not in the neutral condition. In children with DLD, no MMN was present in either condition. Rare vowel changes elicited a significant P3 in both groups and conditions, indicating that all children noticed auditory changes. Our results suggest that children with TD, but not children with DLD, incorporate visual information into long-term phonemic representations and detect violations in audiovisual phonemic congruency even when they perform a task that is unrelated to phonemic processing.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1460-6984.2011.00099.x
发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Ebbels, Susan H.;Dockrell, Julie E.;van der Lely, Heather K. J.
通讯作者：
van der Lely, Heather K. J.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0402680101
发表时间：
2004-05-25
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Gogtay, N;Giedd, JN;Thompson, PM
通讯作者：
Thompson, PM
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Froyen, Dries;Willems, Gonny;Blomert, Leo
通讯作者：
Blomert, Leo
DOI：
10.1080/19345747.2011.618213
发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Gelman, Andrew;Hill, Jennifer;Yajima, Masanao
通讯作者：
Yajima, Masanao
DOI：
10.1080/01690960802536357
发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES
影响因子：
--
作者：
Buchwald, Adam B.;Winters, Stephen J.;Pisoni, David B.
通讯作者：
Pisoni, David B.