Flooding to manage dodder (Cuscuta gronovii) and broad-leaved weed species in cranberry: An innovative use of a traditional strategy
Flooding to manage dodder (Cuscuta gronovii) and broad-leaved weed species in cranberry: An innovative use of a traditional strategy
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通过洪水治理蔓越莓中的菟丝子（Cuscuta gronovii）和阔叶杂草：传统策略的创新运用
DOI：
10.1017/s1742170510000207
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Joanne Mason
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Sandler;Joanne Mason
摘要 人们对可持续农业方法重新产生兴趣，促使传统文化和害虫防治实践新用途的实施。在蔓越莓（Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.）园艺中，利用洪水（不同持续时间）是一种廉价且历史悠久的文化实践。 1999-2000 年蔓越莓产业爆发了严重的经济危机，迫切需要找到廉价的害虫防治方法，使种植者能够保持财政偿付能力。最初，来自几个农场的轶事证据表明，短期春季洪水抑制了菟丝子的侵扰。基于这些发现，2002 年启动了一个为期 2 年的示范项目，以确定短期洪水（24-48 小时）对马萨诸塞州蔓越莓种植菟丝子管理的效果。该项目扩大到包括评估为期 10 天的夏季洪水，以控制一个商业蔓越莓农场的阔叶杂草物种。与洪水前评估相比，实施 10 天洪水期后，物种丰富度和多样性以及杂草覆盖率较低。十天的洪水过后，死亡或未发现的杂草种类包括花生、紫苑、窄叶黄花、苦莓和毒葛。配对地点（淹没和非淹没沼泽）的比较表明，第一年七个地点中的三个地点的菟丝子茎干重较低。在另外两个地点，被淹没的沼泽与历史上低侵染沼泽配对时具有较高的茎重量，这可能掩盖了淹没实践中菟丝子的减少。在第二年，任何处理对之间的发芽幼苗数量没有差异。一家占马萨诸塞州蔓越莓种植面积 12% 的蔓越莓公司的数据表明，与前三年相比，2001 年至 2003 年实施短期春季洪水时，农药使用量减少了 65% 至 89%。短期洪水可能提供一种可持续的选择，可以将其纳入针对几种有问题的蔓越莓杂草物种（尤其是菟丝子）的总体管理计划中。需要进行更多研究，以进一步确定所需的最有效的环境条件，并验证短期洪水事件对有效蔓越莓杂草管理的功效。
Abstract The implementation of new uses for traditional cultural and pest management practices has been prompted by renewed interest in sustainable approaches for farming. The use of floods (for various durations) has been an inexpensive and historical cultural practice in cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) horticulture. The onset of a serious economic crisis in the cranberry industry in 1999–2000 brought about an urgent need to find inexpensive methods of pest control that would allow growers to remain fiscally solvent. Initially, anecdotal evidence from several farms indicated that holding short-term spring floods suppressed dodder infestations. Based on these findings, a 2-year demonstration-style project was initiated in 2002 to determine the efficacy of short-term floods (24–48 h) for the management of dodder in cranberry in Massachusetts. The project was expanded to include evaluating a 10-day summer flood for control of broad-leaved weed species at one commercial cranberry farm. Species richness and diversity and percentage weed coverage were lower after the implementation of the 10-day flood period compared to pre-flood assessments. Weed species dead or not detected after the 10-day flood included ground nut, asters, narrow-leaved goldenrod, chokeberry and poison ivy. Comparison of paired sites (flooded and nonflooded bogs) indicated dodder stem dry weights were lower on flooded areas in three out of the seven locations in year 1. At two additional locations, the flooded bog had higher stem weights when paired with a historically low-infestation bog, which may have masked any dodder reduction from the flooding practice. In year 2, no differences in the number of germinated seedlings between any treatment pairs were noted. Data from a cranberry company representing 12% of the cranberry acreage in Massachusetts indicated a 65–89% reduction in pesticide use when short-term spring floods were implemented during 2001–2003 compared to the previous 3-year period. Short-term flooding may offer a sustainable option that can be integrated into the overall management plan for several problematic cranberry weed species, especially dodder. Additional research is warranted to further define the most effective environmental conditions needed and to validate the efficacy of short flooding events for effective cranberry weed management.
DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2006.06.011
发表时间：
2007-02
期刊：
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
影响因子：
--
作者：
Susumu Yamada;S. Okubo;Yoshiko Kitagawa;K. Takeuchi
通讯作者：
Susumu Yamada;S. Okubo;Yoshiko Kitagawa;K. Takeuchi