Harnessing genomics to trace the path of a viral outbreak in African lions
Harnessing genomics to trace the path of a viral outbreak in African lions
复制标题
利用基因组学追踪非洲狮病毒爆发的路径
DOI：
10.1111/mec.15671
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Kamath, Pauline L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kamath, Pauline L.
预测新型传染病的出现需要了解病原体如何感染并有效地在替代的幼稚宿主中传播。病原体适应新宿主（即宿主转移）的能力通常受到宿主遗传学的限制，这是由于可用于克服宿主特异性免疫防御的分子机制的限制（Longdon et al.， 2014年）。然而，一些病原体，如RNA病毒，由于快速突变率而具有跳跃宿主的倾向。例如，犬瘟热病毒（CDV）感染广泛的陆生食肉动物以及全世界的非食肉动物物种，其宿主范围分布在5个目和22个科中（Beineke et al. 2015年）。在1993-1994年，严重的CDV爆发感染了塞伦盖蒂国家公园中的多种食肉动物宿主物种，导致广泛的死亡和随后的非洲狮（Panthera leo）种群的下降（Roelke帕克等人， 1996年）。虽然以前的研究确定了家犬（Canis lupus familiaris）是疾病的储存者，但传播给狮子的确切途径仍然是一个谜，一些野生食肉动物物种可能促进了病毒的进化和传播。在本期《分子生态学》中，Weckworth等人（2020）使用了在CDV爆发期间从四种食肉动物中获得的全基因组病毒序列，结合流行病学数据，阐明了导致塞伦盖蒂狮子出现疾病的途径和进化机制。
Predicting the emergence of novel infectious diseases requires an understanding of how pathogens infect and efficiently spread in alternative naïve hosts. A pathogen's ability to adapt to a new host (i.e. host shift) oftentimes is constrained by host phylogeny, due to limits in the molecular mechanisms available to overcome host‐specific immune defences (Longdon et al., 2014). Some pathogens, such as RNA viruses, however, have a propensity to jump hosts due to rapid mutation rates. For example, canine distemper virus (CDV) infects a broad range of terrestrial carnivores, as well as noncarnivore species worldwide, with a host range that is distributed across 5 orders and 22 families (Beineke et al., 2015). In 1993–1994, a severe CDV outbreak infected multiple carnivore host species in Serengeti National Park, causing widespread mortality and the subsequent decline of the African lion (Panthera leo) population (Roelke‐Parker et al., 1996). While previous studies established domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) as the disease reservoir, the precise route of transmission to lions remained a mystery, and a number of wild carnivore species could have facilitated viral evolution and spread. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Weckworth et al. (2020) used whole‐genome viral sequences obtained from four carnivore species during the CDV outbreak, in combination with epidemiological data, to illuminate the pathway and evolutionary mechanisms leading to disease emergence in Serengeti lions.
塞伦盖蒂国家公园非洲狮溢出期间犬瘟热病毒的跨物种传播和进化动态
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Julie K. Weckworth;Brian W. Davis;E. Dubovi;N. Fountain‐Jones;C. Packer;S. Cleaveland;M. Craft;E. Eblate;M. Schwartz;L. S. Mills;M. Roelke
通讯作者：
M. Roelke
南非近期爆发的三种疫苗株和两种野生型犬瘟热病毒株的基因组序列
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
Genome Announcements
影响因子：
--
作者：
Angelika K Loots;M. du Plessis;D. Dalton;E. Mitchell;E. Venter
通讯作者：
E. Venter
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1411623112
发表时间：
2015-02-03
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Viana, Mafalda;Cleaveland, Sarah;Lembo, Tiziana
通讯作者：
Lembo, Tiziana