In vivo evidence for low striatal vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) availability in cocaine abusers.
In vivo evidence for low striatal vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) availability in cocaine abusers.
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.11010126
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发表时间：
2012-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Frankle WG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Narendran R;Lopresti BJ;Martinez D;Mason NS;Himes M;May MA;Daley DC;Price JC;Mathis CA;Frankle WG
Positron emission tomography imaging studies in cocaine abusers have shown that decreased dopamine release in the striatum following an amphetamine challenge is associated with higher relapse rates. One possible mechanism that might lead to lower amphetamine-induced dopamine release is that fewer dopamine storage vesicles are available in the pre-synaptic terminals for release. Consistent with this hypothesis, postmortem studies have reported a reduction in the VMAT2, the membrane protein that regulates the size of the vesicular dopamine pool, in cocaine abusers relative to healthy subjects. In this study, we used PET and the VMAT2 radioligand [11C]-(+)-dihydrotetrabenazine (DTBZ) to assess the in vivo VMAT2 availability in a group of 12 recently abstinent cocaine abusers and matched healthy controls to confirm the postmortem findings. [11C]DTBZ binding potential (BPND) was measured in subjects with kinetic analysis using the arterial input function and the simplified reference-tissue method if arterial input was unavailable. [11C]DTBZ BPND was significantly reduced by 10% in the limbic striatum, 16.3% in the associative striatum, and 13.4% in the sensori-motor striatum in cocaine abusers compared to controls. The results of this in vivo PET study confirm previous in vitro reports of lower VMAT2 availability in the striatum of cocaine abusers. It also suggests a compensatory downregulation of the dopamine storage vesicles in response to chronic cocaine abuse and/or a loss of dopaminergic terminals. Further research is necessary to understand the clinical relevance of this observation as to whether it is related to relapse and outcome in abstinent cocaine abusers.
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影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Patel, J;Mooslehner, KA;Stamford, JA
通讯作者：
Stamford, JA
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
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5.7
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DOI：
10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x
发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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