Racial and ethnic comparison of ecological risk factors and youth outcomes: A test of the desensitization hypothesis.
Racial and ethnic comparison of ecological risk factors and youth outcomes: A test of the desensitization hypothesis.
复制标题
生态风险因素和青年结果的种族和种族比较：脱敏假设的检验。
DOI：
10.1007/s10826-020-01772-8
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发表时间：
2020-10
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Jacobson KC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen P;Voisin DR;Marotta PL;Jacobson KC
少数民族青年，由于结构，生态和社会不平等，报告抑郁症和经历与犯罪相关的负面制裁的风险增加。社会学理论表明，在同龄人、家庭、学校和社区各级更多地暴露于生态风险因素与青年抑郁症和犯罪率上升有关。脱敏理论认为，反复暴露于持续的压力源会导致心理和行为反应麻木。因此，目前尚不清楚种族/民族差异是否存在与抑郁症和青少年犯罪的背景压力如何相关。本研究以616名黑人、687名拉丁裔和1,318名白色青年为样本，探讨了与青少年犯罪和抑郁症相关的四个生态风险因素（风险同龄人、家庭温暖度低、学校参与度差和社区暴力）的种族/民族差异。数据是通过对中西部一个主要城市周围16所公立学校的青少年进行在校调查收集的。显著的种族/民族差异为脱敏理论提供了部分支持。在黑人青年，生态风险因素和犯罪之间的关系的幅度显着较弱的四个预测因子和所有四个预测抑郁症相比，白色青年。在拉丁裔青年中，与白色青年相比，抑郁症的生态风险因素之间的关系显著较弱，但不是犯罪。结果表明，生态风险因素可能有不同的协会，青年抑郁症和犯罪，这可能需要文化定制的干预方法。
Minority youth, because of structural, ecological, and societal inequalities, are at heightened risk of reporting depression and experiencing negative sanctions associated with delinquency. Sociological theories suggest that greater exposure to ecological risk factors at the peer, family, school and community levels are associated with elevated rates of youth depression and delinquency. Desensitization theory posits that repeated exposures to ongoing stressors result in a numbing of psychological and behavioral responses. Thus, it remains unclear whether racial/ethnic differences exist with regards to how contextual stressors correlate with depression and delinquency. Using a sample of 616 Black, 687 Latinx, and 1,318 White youth, this study explores racial/ethnic differences across four ecological risk factors of risky peers, low family warmth, poor school engagement, and community violence as they relate to youth delinquency and depression. Data were collected through in-school survey of youth from 16 public schools surrounding a major city in the Midwest. Significant racial/ethnic differences provided partial support for the desensitization theory. Among Black youth, the magnitude of relationships between ecological risk factors and delinquency was significantly weaker for three of the four predictors and for all four predictors of depression in comparison to White youth. Among Latinx youth, the magnitude of relationships between ecological risk factors was significantly weaker for depression, but not delinquency, in comparison to White youth. Results indicate that ecological risk factors may have differential associations to youth depression and delinquency, which may call for culturally tailored intervention approaches.
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影响因子：
2
作者：
Chen, Pan;Voisin, Dexter R.;Jacobson, Kristen C.
通讯作者：
Jacobson, Kristen C.
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Lau, AS;Huang, MM;Hough, RL
通讯作者：
Hough, RL
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Le, Thao N.;Stockdale, Gary D.
通讯作者：
Stockdale, Gary D.
影响因子：
6
作者：
Fomby, Paula;Mollborn, Stefanie;Sennott, Christie A.
通讯作者：
Sennott, Christie A.
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Ary, DV;Duncan, TE;Hops, H
通讯作者：
Hops, H