Barriers and facilitators of adherence to social distancing recommendations during COVID-19 among a large international sample of adults.
Barriers and facilitators of adherence to social distancing recommendations during COVID-19 among a large international sample of adults.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0239795
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Geller AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coroiu A;Moran C;Campbell T;Geller AC
社交距离措施（例如，避免旅行，限制与家庭以外的人的身体接触，并在公共场合与他人保持1或2米的距离（取决于国家）是用于预防引起COVID-19的SARS-Cov-2病毒传播的主要策略。鉴于COVID-19没有有效的治疗方法或疫苗，因此必须确定坚持社交距离的障碍和促进因素，以告知正在进行和未来的公共卫生活动。这项横断面研究是在网上进行的，样本是说英语的成年人。该调查在三周内（2020年3月30日至4月16日）进行，当时北美和欧洲的社交距离措施得到了很好的执行。参与者被要求完成评估社会人口特征，心理结构，包括动机，从事社会距离，亲社会的态度，痛苦和社会距离行为的措施。描述性（平均值，标准差，百分比）和推理统计（逻辑回归）被用来描述各种动机的认可率，遵守社会距离的建议，并预测遵守率。数据收集自2013年主要居住在北美和欧洲的成年人。参与社交距离（或促进者）的最常见动机包括“我想保护他人”（86%），“我想保护自己”（84%）和“我觉得有责任保护我们的社区”（84%）。最常被认可的反对社交距离（或障碍）的动机包括“我所在地区的街道上有很多人”（31%），“我有朋友或家人需要我为他们跑腿”（25%），“我不相信政府提供的关于流行病的信息”（13%），以及“当我独自一人或孤立时，我感到压力”（13%）。对社交距离建议的遵守率从45%的“在家或远程工作”到90%的“避免拥挤的地方/非必要的旅行”，男性和年轻人（18-24岁）的遵守率低于女性和老年人。这项研究发现，对社交距离建议的遵守程度因行为而异，没有一项调查的行为表现出完美的遵守。最强的促进因素包括想要保护自己，感觉有责任保护社区，以及能够远程工作/学习;最强的障碍包括有朋友或家人需要帮助跑腿和社交，以避免感到孤独。未来改善社交距离措施遵守情况的干预措施应将针对本文确定的社交距离关键障碍的个人层面策略与有效的制度措施和公共卫生干预措施结合起来。公共卫生运动应继续强调对社会距离的同情态度。
Social distancing measures (e.g., avoiding travel, limiting physical contact with people outside of one’s household, and maintaining a 1 or 2-metre distance between self and others when in public, depending on the country) are the primary strategies used to prevent transmission of the SARS-Cov-2 virus that causes COVID-19. Given that there is no effective treatment or vaccine for COVID-19, it is important to identify barriers and facilitators to adherence to social distancing to inform ongoing and future public health campaigns. This cross-sectional study was conducted online with a convenience sample of English-speaking adults. The survey was administered over the course of three weeks (March 30 –April 16, 2020) when social distancing measures were well-enforced in North America and Europe. Participants were asked to complete measures assessing socio-demographic characteristics, psychological constructs, including motivations to engage in social distancing, prosocial attitudes, distress, and social distancing behaviors. Descriptive (mean, standard deviation, percentage) and inferential statistics (logistic regression) were used to describes endorsement rates for various motivations, rates of adherence to social distancing recommendations, and predictors of adherence. Data were collected from 2013 adults living primarily in North America and Europe. Most frequently endorsed motivations to engage in social distancing (or facilitators) included “I want to protect others” (86%), “I want to protect myself” (84%), and I feel a sense of responsibility to protect our community” (84%). Most frequently endorsed motivations against social distancing (or barriers) included “There are many people walking on the streets in my area” (31%), “I have friends or family who need me to run errands for them” (25%), “I don’t trust the messages my government provides about the pandemic” (13%), and “I feel stressed when I am alone or in isolation” (13%). Adherence to social distancing recommendations ranged from 45% for “working from home or remotely” to 90% for “avoiding crowded places/non-essential travel”, with men and younger individuals (18–24 years) showing lower adherence compared to women and older individuals. This study found that adherence to social distancing recommendations vary depending on the behaviour, with none of the surveyed behaviours showing perfect adherence. Strongest facilitators included wanting to protect the self, feeling a responsibility to protect the community, and being able to work/study remotely; strongest barriers included having friends or family who needed help with running errands and socializing in order to avoid feeling lonely. Future interventions to improve adherence to social distancing measures should couple individual-level strategies targeting key barriers to social distancing identified herein, with effective institutional measures and public health interventions. Public health campaigns should continue to highlight compassionate attitudes towards social distancing.
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