Durable resistance: a key to sustainable management of pathogens and pests.
Durable resistance: a key to sustainable management of pathogens and pests.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.meegid.2014.01.011
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发表时间：
2014-10
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Mundt, Christopher C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mundt, Christopher C.
关键词：
本文简要介绍了近年来对耐药持久性的了解，以及仍然存在的问题。主要基因相互作用的分子分析有可能有助于抗性育种和提高对病原体适应性的毒力影响的理解。虽然数量抗性的分子基础不太清楚，但已经积累了大量证据证明遗传的相对简单性。有越来越多的证据表明特定的相互作用与数量抗性，尽管这对持久性的影响仍然未知。抗性基因金字塔促进持久性的机制仍然难以捉摸，尽管已经产生了识别可能更持久的基因组合的想法。虽然已经成功地使用了品种混合和相关的方法，但确定最有利于利用多样性的疾病和条件却异常困难，多样性对病原体种群的选择性影响是复杂的。在景观背景下考虑抵抗耐久性的重要性已经得到越来越多的重视，并且是一个重要的未来研究领域。正在开发实验系统来测试抗性基因部署策略，而这些策略以前只能通过逻辑和观察来解决。分子标记在鉴定主基因和构建主基因金字塔中的价值是非常清楚的，但是数量性状位点（QTL）在数量抗性的标记辅助选择中的成功应用将在很大程度上取决于所鉴定的QTL在不同遗传背景中的表达程度。转基因方法可能会为控制一些顽固性病原体提供机会，尽管转基因的持久性问题可能与其他基因的抗性没有什么不同。对高质量表型分析和筛选方法的需求是一个优先事项，在可预见的未来，基于实地的研究可能仍然具有重要意义。
This review briefly addresses what has been learned about resistance durability in recent years, as well as the questions that still remain. Molecular analyses of major gene interactions have potential to contribute to both breeding for resistance and improved understanding of virulence impacts on pathogen fitness. Though the molecular basis of quantitative resistance is less clear substantial evidence has accumulated for the relative simplicity of inheritance. There is increasing evidence for specific interactions with quantitative resistance, though implications o this for durability are still unknown. Mechanisms by which resistance gene pyramids contribute to durability remain elusive, though ideas have been generated for identifying gene combinations that may be more durable. Though cultivar mixtures and related approaches have been used successfully, identifying the diseases and conditions that are most conducive to the use of diversity has been surprisingly difficult, and the selective influence of diversity on pathogen populations is complex. The importance of considering resistance durability in a landscape context has received increasing emphasis and is an important future area of research. Experimental systems are being developed to test resistance gene deployment strategies that previously could be addressed only with logic and observation. The value of molecular markers for identifying and pyramiding major genes is quite clear, but the successful use of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for marker-assisted selection of quantitative resistance will depend greatly on the degree to which the identified QTL are expressed in different genetic backgrounds. Transgenic approaches will likely provide opportunities for control of some recalcitrant pathogens, though issues of durability for transgenes are likely to be no different than other genes for resistance. The need for high quality phenotypic analysis and screening methodologies is a priority, and field-based studies are likely to remain of signal importance in the foreseeable future.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1236011
发表时间：
2013-08-16
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dangl JL;Horvath DM;Staskawicz BJ
通讯作者：
Staskawicz BJ
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Cobb, Joshua N.;DeClerck, Genevieve;Greenberg, Anthony;Clark, Randy;McCouch, Susan
通讯作者：
McCouch, Susan
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
CHIN, KM;WOLFE, MS
通讯作者：
WOLFE, MS
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Björkman, J;Nagaev, I;Andersson, DI
通讯作者：
Andersson, DI
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Ahmed, HU;Mundt, CC;Coakley, SM
通讯作者：
Coakley, SM