Genetic factors in the ontogeny of spoken language: evidence from monozygotic and dizygotic twins
Genetic factors in the ontogeny of spoken language: evidence from monozygotic and dizygotic twins
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口语个体发育中的遗传因素：来自同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎的证据
DOI：
10.1017/s0305000900010710
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发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
P. L. Mather
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Locke;P. L. Mather
最近关于语言先天的争论唤醒了人们对语言发展的遗传学基础的兴趣。在这项研究中，我们对Mather&Black(1984)的数据进行了更广泛的分析，以检验同卵双胞胎(MZ)的语音清晰度在质量上比年龄和性别匹配的异卵双胞胎(DZ)更相似的假设。分析表明，4岁的MZ双胞胎在发音测试中明显比DZ双胞胎更容易发出相同的声音，而DZ双胞胎并不比遗传和环境无关的孩子更有可能分享错误。没有证据表明MZ双胞胎比DZ双胞胎犯更多类似的错误，事实上，很难确定这一点，因为只有广泛的错误类别(替换、扭曲、遗漏)可供分析。MZ双胞胎共享更多的遗传物质，他们的语音机制可能更相似的形态，可能导致MZ对中的两个成员的某些声音模式的难度更接近相同。然而，这些发现需要用更详细的语音分析来证实。
ABSTRACT Recent controversy about the innateness of language has awakened interest in the genetic basis of linguistic development. In this study, we analysed more extensively data from Mather & Black (1984).in order to test the hypothesis that the speech articulation of monozygotic (MZ) twins would be qualitatively more similar than that of age- and sex-matched dizygotic (DZ) twins. Analyses revealed that 4–year-old MZ twin pairs were significantly more likely to misproduce the same sounds on an articulation test than were DZ twin pairs, and that DZ twins were no more likely to share errors than were children who were both genetically and environmentally unrelated. There was no evidence that MZ twins made more similar errors than DZ twins, and indeed it was difficult to make this determination since only broad categories of error (substitution, distortion, omission) were available for analysis. The greater amount of genetic material shared by MZ twins, and the presumably more similar morphology of their speech mechanisms, may have caused certain sound patterns to be of more nearly equal difficulty for both members of a MZ pair. However, these findings need to be confirmed with phonetically more detailed analyses.
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Plomin, Robert;Daniels, Denise
通讯作者：
Daniels, Denise