How cities prepare for climate change: Comparing Hamburg and Rotterdam
How cities prepare for climate change: Comparing Hamburg and Rotterdam
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城市如何应对气候变化：比较汉堡和鹿特丹
DOI：
10.1016/j.cities.2015.11.001
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
J. Lovett
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jo;J. Lovett
本文比较了汉堡市和鹿特丹市为适应气候变化而采取先发制人行动的不同方式。文献、访谈、二手数据、官方统计数据、项目报告和政策简报被用来确定城市政府为鼓励气候适应战略创新和让私营部门参与气候变化政策执行而采用的体制安排。我们专注于创造积极机会的案例;探索如何在波特假说和生态创新的理论框架内促进创新。我们研究了气候变化治理的两种可能途径，首先是严格的监管和正式的执行，其次是制度的生态创新和自愿措施。我们发现，不同的重点放在每个案例研究的首选途径。汉堡侧重于正式执行，而鹿特丹市政府则通过充当平台并提供激励措施来鼓励制度性生态创新。我们的研究结果表明，设计良好的制度框架可以促进创新，提高环境和企业绩效。该框架的手段和模式可以各不相同，既可以利用正式的限制，也可以利用鼓励措施来增加自愿行动，以形成政策。正式规则可以是严格的，也可以是激励性的，以形成气候变化措施。该研究旨在通过提供可能激励和启发其他城市设计适当的气候变化政策执行机构的实例，为实践和科学做出贡献。
This paper compares the different ways in which the cities of Hamburg and Rotterdam are taking preemptive action to adapt to climate change. Literature, interviews, secondary data, official statistics, project reports and policy briefs were used to identify institutional arrangements used by the city governments to encourage innovations in climate adaptation strategies and involve the private sector in climate change policy implementation. We focus on cases that create positive opportunities; exploring how innovations are facilitated within the theoretical frameworks of the Porter hypothesis and eco-innovation. We examine two possible pathways of climate change governance, firstly strict regulation and formal enforcement, and secondly institutional eco-innovation and voluntary measures. We found that different emphasis is placed on the preferred pathway in each of the case studies. Hamburg focuses on formal enforcements while the Rotterdam city government encourages institutional eco-innovation by acting as a platform and also providing incentives. Our findings suggest that a well-designed institutional framework can enhance innovation and increase environmental and business performance. The framework could vary in instruments and patterns, using both formal constraints and incentives to increase voluntary actions to shape policy. The formal rules could be stringent or incentivising to shape the climate change measures. The research aims to contribute to both practice and science by providing examples that might motivate and inspire other cities to design appropriate institutions for climate change policy implementation.
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Jevrejeva, S.;Grinsted, A.;Moore, J. C.
通讯作者：
Moore, J. C.