Estimated Use of Prescription Medications Among Individuals Incarcerated in Jails and State Prisons in the US.
Estimated Use of Prescription Medications Among Individuals Incarcerated in Jails and State Prisons in the US.
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DOI：
10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.0482
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发表时间：
2023-04-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Alexander, G. Caleb
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Curran, Jill;Saloner, Brendan;Winkelman, Tyler N. A.;Alexander, G. Caleb
与美国的社区环境相比，监狱和州立监狱中用于慢性病的药物有多普遍？在这项针对2018年至2020年美国监禁和非监禁人口的横断面描述性研究中，与社区环境相比，监狱和州立监狱中慢性病处方药的使用率一直较低。在调整疾病患病率后，糖尿病的相对差异是2.9倍，哮喘是5.5倍，高血压是2.4倍，乙肝或丙肝是1.9倍，人类免疫缺陷病毒是3.0倍，抑郁症是4.1倍，严重精神疾病是4.1倍。这一分析表明，在考虑到这些环境中不同的疾病负担后，美国监狱和州监狱中针对慢性病的处方药可能比非监禁人口使用得少得多。尽管被监禁的人患慢性病的几率更高，但人们对美国监狱中处方药的使用情况知之甚少。将监狱和州立监狱中的处方药治疗与美国非惩教环境相比较。这项横断面分析使用了2018年至2020年全国毒品使用与健康调查(NSDUH)的数据，估计了美国最近被监禁和未被监禁的成年人中的疾病流行率。这项研究使用了2018年至2020年IQVIA的全国销售视角(NSP)来量化监禁和非监禁人口的药物分配情况。NSP通过包括监狱和监狱在内的多种分销渠道提供国家美元和处方药单位销售。研究人群包括来自NSDUH的监禁和非监禁个体。评估了七种常见的慢性病。对2022年5月的数据进行了分析。药物被送到教养所，而不是美国的所有其他地方。主要结果是将治疗糖尿病、哮喘、高血压、乙肝和丙型肝炎、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、抑郁症和严重精神疾病的药物分发给被监禁和未被监禁的人群。监狱和州立监狱分配给监狱和州立监狱治疗2型糖尿病(0.15%)、哮喘(0.15%)、高血压(0.18%)、乙肝或丙型肝炎(1.68%)、艾滋病毒(0.73%)、抑郁症(0.36%)和严重精神疾病(0.48%)的药品比例远低于这些人口中疾病的相对负担。国家监狱和监狱的在押人口占估计糖尿病患者的0.44%(95%CI，0.34%~0.56%)，哮喘患者的0.85%(95%CI，0.67%~1.06%)，高血压患者的0.42%(95%CI，0.35%~0.51%)，乙肝或丙型肝炎的3.13%(95%CI，2.53%~3.84%)，2.20%(95%CI，HIV为1.51%~3.19%)，抑郁症为1.46%(95%CI，1.33%~1.59%)，严重精神疾病为1.97%(95%CI，1.81%~2.14%)。在调整疾病患病率后，相对差异是糖尿病的2.9倍，哮喘的5.5倍，高血压的2.4倍，乙肝或丙型肝炎的1.9倍，艾滋病毒的3.0倍，抑郁症的4.1倍，以及严重精神疾病的4.1倍。在这项关于监狱和州立监狱慢性病处方药分布的横断面描述性研究中，研究结果表明，相对于非监禁人口，惩教设施中可能存在药物治疗使用不足的情况。这些发现需要进一步调查，可能反映了监狱和监狱中的护理不足，是一个严重的公共卫生问题。这项横断面研究评估了监狱和州立监狱中处方药治疗与美国非惩教环境的关系。
How commonly are medications for chronic conditions used in jails and state prisons compared with community settings in the US? In this cross-sectional descriptive study of incarcerated and nonincarcerated populations in the US from 2018 to 2020, use of prescription medications for chronic conditions was consistently lower in jails and state prisons compared with community settings. After adjusting for disease prevalence, the relative disparity was 2.9-fold for diabetes, 5.5-fold for asthma, 2.4-fold for hypertension, 1.9-fold for hepatitis B or C, 3.0-fold for human immunodeficiency virus, 4.1-fold for depression, and 4.1-fold for severe mental illness. This analysis suggests that prescription medications for chronic conditions may be substantially underused in jails and state prisons in the US relative to the nonincarcerated population, after accounting for the differential burden of disease in these settings. Although incarcerated individuals experience higher rates of chronic conditions, little is known regarding the use of prescription medications in jails and prisons in the US. To characterize treatment with prescription medications in jails and state prisons relative to noncorrectional settings in the US. This cross-sectional analysis using 2018 to 2020 data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) estimated the prevalence of disease among recently incarcerated and nonincarcerated adults in the US. The study used 2018 to 2020 IQVIA’s National Sales Perspective (NSP) to quantify the distribution of medications to incarcerated and nonincarcerated populations. The NSP provides national dollar and unit sales of prescription medications across multiple distribution channels, including prisons and jails. The study population included incarcerated and nonincarcerated individuals from NSDUH. Seven common chronic conditions were assessed. Data were analyzed in May 2022. Medications being sent to correctional facilities vs all other settings in the US. The main outcomes were distribution of medications to treat diabetes, asthma, hypertension, hepatitis B and C, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), depression, and severe mental illness to incarcerated and nonincarcerated populations. The proportion of pharmaceuticals distributed to jails and state prisons to treat type 2 diabetes (0.15%), asthma (0.15%), hypertension (0.18%), hepatitis B or C (1.68%), HIV (0.73%), depression (0.36%), and severe mental illness (0.48%) was much lower compared with the relative burden of disease among this population. The incarcerated population in state prisons and jails accounted for 0.44% (95% CI, 0.34%-0.56%) of estimated individuals with diabetes, 0.85% (95% CI, 0.67%-1.06%) of individuals with asthma, 0.42% (95% CI, 0.35%-0.51%) of hypertension, 3.13% (95% CI, 2.53%-3.84%) of hepatitis B or C, 2.20% (95% CI, 1.51%-3.19%) of HIV, 1.46% (95% CI, 1.33%-1.59%) of depression, and 1.97% (95% CI, 1.81%-2.14%) of severe mental illness. After adjusting for disease prevalence, the relative disparity was 2.9-fold for diabetes, 5.5-fold for asthma, 2.4-fold for hypertension, 1.9-fold for hepatitis B or C, 3.0-fold for HIV, 4.1-fold for depression, and 4.1-fold for severe mental illness. In this cross-sectional, descriptive study of the distribution of prescription medications for chronic conditions in jails and state prisons, the findings suggest that there may be underuse of pharmacological treatment in correctional facilities relative to the nonincarcerated population. These findings, which require further investigation, may reflect inadequate care in jails and prisons and represent a critical public health issue. This cross-sectional study evaluates treatment with prescription medications in jails and state prisons relative to noncorrectional settings in the US.
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Binswanger, Ingrid A.;Nowels, Carolyn;Steiner, John F.
通讯作者：
Steiner, John F.
DOI：
10.1002/hep.30297
发表时间：
2019-03
期刊：
Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hofmeister MG;Rosenthal EM;Barker LK;Rosenberg ES;Barranco MA;Hall EW;Edlin BR;Mermin J;Ward JW;Ryerson AB
通讯作者：
Ryerson AB
DOI：
10.1177/1078345809348201
发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
Journal of correctional health care : the official journal of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care
影响因子：
--
作者：
Marlow, Elizabeth;White, Mary C;Chesla, Catherine A
通讯作者：
Chesla, Catherine A
影响因子：
9.7
作者：
Beckman, Adam L.;Bilinski, Alyssa;Gonsalves, Gregg S.
通讯作者：
Gonsalves, Gregg S.
影响因子：
64.3
作者：
Fazel, Seena;Hayes, Adrian J.;Bartellas, Katrina;Clerici, Massimo;Trestman, Robert
通讯作者：
Trestman, Robert