Rapid Increase in frequency of gene copy-number variants during experimental evolution in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Rapid Increase in frequency of gene copy-number variants during experimental evolution in Caenorhabditis elegans.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12864-015-2253-2
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发表时间：
2015-12-09
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Bergthorsson U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farslow JC;Lipinski KJ;Packard LB;Edgley ML;Taylor J;Flibotte S;Moerman DG;Katju V;Bergthorsson U
基因拷贝数变异（CNV）为新基因的进化提供了原材料，在自然群体中广泛存在。我们研究了 CNV 是否构成实验性秀丽隐杆线虫种群适应过程中遗传变化的常见机制。低适应性的异型线虫群体进化了超过 200 代。通过寡核苷酸阵列比较基因组杂交、定量PCR、PCR、跨断点DNA测序和单线虫PCR来分析这些群体中CNV的频率。多个重复和缺失在独立群体中上升到中频或高频。一些证据表明这些变化是适应性的：（i）拷贝数变化达到高频率或在短时间内固定，（ii）许多独立群体拥有跨越相同基因的CNV，以及（iii）相对于自发CNV，适应群体中CNV的平均大小更大。如果较大的 CNV 更有可能包含因基因剂量变化而选择的基因，则预计会出现后者。一些趋同的 CNV 起源于不同低适应度祖先和高适应度对照的后代群体。我们证明基因拷贝数变化是一类常见的适应性遗传变化。由于自发复制和缺失的起源率很高，包含相同基因的拷贝数变化很容易在独立群体中出现。在这些适应群体中达到高频率的重复的跨度明显更大。许多趋同的 CNV 可能是对实验室条件的普遍适应。这些结果证明了CNV在进化适应方面具有巨大的潜力。本文的在线版本 (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2253-2) 包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Gene copy-number variation (CNVs), which provides the raw material for the evolution of novel genes, is widespread in natural populations. We investigated whether CNVs constitute a common mechanism of genetic change during adaptation in experimental Caenorhabditis elegans populations. Outcrossing C. elegans populations with low fitness were evolved for >200 generations. The frequencies of CNVs in these populations were analyzed by oligonucleotide array comparative genome hybridization, quantitative PCR, PCR, DNA sequencing across breakpoints, and single-worm PCR. Multiple duplications and deletions rose to intermediate or high frequencies in independent populations. Several lines of evidence suggest that these changes were adaptive: (i) copy-number changes reached high frequency or were fixed in a short time, (ii) many independent populations harbored CNVs spanning the same genes, and (iii) larger average size of CNVs in adapting populations relative to spontaneous CNVs. The latter is expected if larger CNVs are more likely to encompass genes under selection for a change in gene dosage. Several convergent CNVs originated in populations descended from different low fitness ancestors as well as high fitness controls. We show that gene copy-number changes are a common class of adaptive genetic change. Due to the high rates of origin of spontaneous duplications and deletions, copy-number changes containing the same genes arose readily in independent populations. Duplications that reached high frequencies in these adapting populations were significantly larger in span. Many convergent CNVs may be general adaptations to laboratory conditions. These results demonstrate the great potential borne by CNVs for evolutionary adaptation. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2253-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
DOI：
10.1534/g3.112.002238
发表时间：
2012-06
期刊：
G3 (Bethesda, Md.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jones MR;Rose AM;Baillie DL
通讯作者：
Baillie DL